LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Paradoxical pinpoint pupils with asenapine
Correspondence
Jesjeet Singh Gill MBBS MPM, University Malaya,
Psychological medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 59100,
Malaysia.
Tel: +60126539703
Fax: +60379556477
Email: jesjeet@um.edu.my
DOI:10.1111/appy.12171
Dear Editor,
Atypical antipsychotics have been the mainstay of
treatment in various indications, ranging from rapid
tranquilization to maintenance treatment (Koh et al.,
2010; Hui et al., 2013). Mydriasis can occur due to
their anticholinergic effect. We report a case of para-
doxical pinpoint pupils with asenapine. To the best of
our knowledge, this is the first such reported case with
asenapine, though they have been sporadic reports
with other antipsychotics (O’Malley et al., 1999;
Hodge et al., 2001).
A 33-year-old woman was admitted in a manic
state after defaulting her medication for over a year.
She was started on asenapine 10 mg bid, sodium
valproate 600 mg bid and lorazepam 1 mg tds. The
next morning, she was noted to be drowsy but still
conscious. Her vital signs, electrocardiography and
oxygen saturation were normal. Physical examination
revealed pinpoint pupils. All her medications were
withheld, and by that evening, her consciousness level
and pupillary response had returned to normal. The
next day, sodium valproate was restarted and two days
later, we restarted asenapine. However, she was again
very drowsy with pinpoint pupils. Asenapine was
withheld again, and she recovered over several
hours. Later, risperidone was added and she gradually
recovered.
How asenapine caused miosis instead of mydriasis
could probably be explained by its unique receptor
profile. Asenapine has no appreciable affinity for
muscarinic receptors (Ki of 8128 nM for M1) but
exhibits high affinity toward α1A (Ki of 1.2) and α2A
(Ki of 1.2) adrenoreceptor receptors (Saphris Product
Monograph., 2012). This can cause miosis with no
mydriatic action to counter it Psychiatrists need to be
attuned to the possibility of such uncommon side
effects in order to effectively treat our patients,
otherwise we may investigate the cause down the
wrong path, while continuing to give the offending
medication.
Jesjeet Singh Gill MBBS MPM,
Stephen Jambunathan MBBS MPM,
Sylvia Wong MD, & Angelvene Wong MBBS
Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia
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Official journal of the
Pacific Rim College of Psychiatrists
Asia-Pacific Psychiatry ISSN 1758-5864
230 Asia-Pacific Psychiatry 7 (2015) 230
© 2015 Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd