J Appl Entomol. 2019;00:1–5. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/jen | 1 © 2019 Blackwell Verlag GmbH 1 | INTRODUCTION Eucalypts (genera Eucalyptus, Corymbia and Angophora, from family Myrtaceae) are native to Australia and some Pacific islands and include more than 800 species, of which 740 belong to the genus Eucalyptus. Several eucalypt species have been widely planted outside their native range due to their fast growth, adaptability to a wide range of environ‐ mental conditions, and for their wood and non‐wood products (Hurley et al., 2016; Rejmánek & Richardson, 2011). In the European continent, Portugal has the largest area of eucalypt plantations proportional to its country dimensions, with about 844,000 ha of plantations dom‐ inated by the Tasmanian blue gum, Eucalyptus globulus Labill. (ICNF, 2019). This species covers 1.3 million ha of forested area in Europe, being the most important pulpwood tree planted in temperate regions of the world (Cerasoli, Caldeira, Pereira, Caudullo, & de Rigo, 2016). Eucalypts early established outside their native range have typically benefited from a pest‐free environment, since they were free from their natural phytophagous insects (Hurley et al., 2016; Wingfield et al., 2008). However, across time several insects spe‐ cific to eucalypts have been imported into areas where these trees are commercially planted (Hurley et al., 2016; Paine, Steinbauer, & Lawson, 2011; Wingfield et al., 2008), with the main pests out‐ side their Australian native range being sap‐sucking insects (mainly Psyllidae), defoliators and gall‐makers (Hurley et al., 2016), along with wood‐boring insects of the genus Phoracantha (Cocquempot & Lindelöw, 2010). In addition to the pests sharing their native range with that of eucalypts, other pests and pathogens have originated from plants occurring naturally in the areas into which eucalypts have been in‐ troduced (Barradas et al., 2016; Wingfield et al., 2008). Shifting of Received: 4 August 2019 | Revised: 20 August 2019 | Accepted: 31 August 2019 DOI: 10.1111/jen.12700 SHORT COMMUNICATION Ambrosiodmus rubricollis (Eichhoff) (Coleoptera; Curculionidae; Scolytinae) associated with young Tasmanian blue gum trees Pedro Naves 1 | Helena Bragança 1 | Filomena Nóbrega 1 | Carlos Valente 2 1 Unidade Estratégica de Sistemas Agrários e Florestais e Sanidade Vegetal, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Oeiras, Portugal 2 RAIZ, Aveiro, Portugal Correspondence Pedro Miguel Naves, Unidade Estratégica de Sistemas Agrários e Florestais e Sanidade Vegetal; Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780‐159 Oeiras, Portugal. Email: pedro.naves@iniav.pt Funding information INIAV, the RAIZ Institute and Altri Florestal Abstract Eucalypts are among the most widely planted forest trees in the world, and outside their native Australian range, the main arthropod pests are sap‐sucking insects, defo‐ liators, gall‐making insects and xylophagous beetles. We report on a new association between a polyphagous wood‐boring beetle and Tasmanian blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus Labill.) in Central Portugal. Unidentified wood‐boring insects were found attacking two three‐year‐old E. globulus trees showing signs of decline among oth‐ erwise healthy trees in a commercial plantation, in June 2018. Declining trees pre‐ sented dead twigs and branches, and recently developed epicormic sprouts evident on the trunks. Insects emerging from logs were identified as Ambrosiodmus rubricollis (Eichhoff), a species native to eastern and southern Asia, with the taxonomic identi‐ fication validated by molecular analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first record of A. rubricollis associated with a eucalypt species worldwide. It is not clear whether the beetles played any significant role on the decline of the trees, but Ambrosiodmus may be potential pests for several tree and shrub species in Europe, as these beetles can transport pathogenic fungi. KEYWORDS ambrosia beetle, Eucalytpus globulus, exotic species, forest, portugal, xyleborini