19
th
International Conference on Nuclear Engineering
Chiba, Japan, May 16-19, 2011
ICONE19-43839
DEVELOPMENT OF A SODIUM-WATER REACTION ANALYSIS TOOL FOR
LMFBR BY USING A CFD CODE
Kazuo HAGA
1
, Tomomichi Itoh
1
, Hiroshi ENDO
1
, Yoshihisa SHINDO
1
,
1
Japan Nuclear Energy Safety Organization, TOKYU REIT Toranomon Bldg,3-17-1, Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0001, Japan
Phone: 81-3-4511-1831 Phone: 81-3-4511-1703 Phone: 81-3-4511-1749 Phone: 81-3-4511-1836
haga-kazuo@jnes.go.jp i toh-tomomichi@jnes.go.jp e ndo-hiroshi@jnes.go.jp shindo-yoshihisa@jnes.go.jp
Emilio BAGLIETTO
2
, Yasutomo SASAKI
3
, Motoki IRIKURA
4
2
CD-adapco, 60 Broadhollow Road,
Melville, NY,11747, USA
3
CD-adapco, 7F Dai 4 Yasuda Bldg,
2-26-2Tsuruyacho, Kanagawa-ku,
Yokohama,Kanagawa, 221-0835, Japan
4
Chiyoda Advanced Solutions Co.,
Technowave 100 Bldg, 1-25,
Shin-Urashima-cho, 1-chome,
Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa,
221-0031, Japan
emilio.baglietto@us.cd-adapco.com
Phone: 81-45-328-3625
yasutomo.sasaki@jp.cd-adapco.com
Phone: 81-45-441-1284
Motoki.irikura@chas.chiyoda.co.jp
Keywords: LMFBR, steam generator, sodium-water raction, CFD code, overheating tube rupture, homogenous muilti-conponent model
ABSTRACT
When heat-transfer tube failure occurred in SG of LMFBR
and the steam leak rate is medium (some 10s g/s-some
kg/s), overheating tube rupture would be caused due to the
accelerated high-temperature creep in the heat transfer tubes
surrounded by the high temperature products of
sodium-water reaction (SWR). However, the detailed
analysis code to analyze this phenomenon is not established.
Adopting a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code
would be a promising candidate for that perpose. At first in
developing the analysis tool using a CFD code,
STAR-CCM+ and LHM (Locally Homogeneous
Multi-phase) model was adapted considering the
appropriateness to SWR and the merits of homogeneous
model, that is, the light load of computing resources and the
minimum usage of models whose applicability is remained in
argument. In the second step, a concept of interfacial area
density was introduced to the submerged jet analysis.
Furthermore, a sodium-water reaction model was added as an
external function of the CDF code. A trial calculation was
made to the basic SWR experimental data obtained by
Hobbes et al. The analysis of the temperature profile formed
in the jet region showed a good agreement with the
experiment by properly choosing parameters such as Lewis
number and the heat transfer coefficient on the sodium
droplet. No marked difference was seen between the
two-dimensional analysis and the three-dimensional analysis.
1. INTRODUCTION
In liquid-metal cooled fast breeder reactor (LMFBR),
steam generator (SG) is only component that has an interface
between sodium and water. The failure of heat transfer tubes
causes steam leak and sodium-water reaction resulting a
high-temperature zone surrounding the steam jet when the
leak rate is “medium (some 10s g/s-some kg/s)”. The high
temperature may cause another tube failure and the failure
might propagate. This phenomenon is called “overheating
tube rupture”. Actually a larger numbers of heat transfer tube
failed in PFR, the British proto-type LMFBR (Currie, 1990).
To protect an LMFBR plant from this type of failure, it is
required firstly to know high the reaction zone temperature
reaches and the conditions of overheating tube rupture, then
provide measures to prevent the plant from this phenomenon.
We had prepared a computer code, QUARK-LP, to analyze
this heat transfer tube failure propagation accident (Shindo,
2003). Although QUARK-LP showed an excellent
achievement in the analysis of the PFR event, some key
parameters obtained from experiments of the same
geometries of SG of PFR, were used. However, to perform
analysis of the overheating rupture phenomenon to general
geometries of SG, a new tool that des not based on the “a
priori” three reaction zones is required.
Adopting a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code
would be a promising candidate for this purpose. Applying
CFD code to sodium-water reaction (SWR) has been tried by
Kim, et al. (2007) by using a multi-component and a
multi-phase Eulerian-Eulerian flow model of CFX code. But
the analyzed transient state was only for 0.05 s. It is too short
to judge if the results are reasonable for the phenomenon.
Another multi-dimensional, multi-component and
multi-phase thermal hydraulics simulation method with
compressibility was developed and the SERAPHIM code was
prepared for SWR by Takata et al. (2009). The validation
calculation was made and the maximum gas temperature of
approximately 1,573 K, which lies within the range of
experiment in a tube bundle geometry, was predicted from
the calculation for 0.6 s.
Although these previous works show a good achievement,
their direct application to the actual situation of SG would
face high barriers that exist in the dimension size and
calculation resources. To deal with these difficulties, we
started to develop an analysis tool for the overheating tube
rupture using a CFD code with proper additional models. The
developing strategy is as follows.
(1) Modeling of non reacting submerged jet
(2) Introduction of quantification method for the interface
area between steam and sodium droplet
(3) Modeling of the sodium-water reaction
(4) Unification of above models
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The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers
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