Research Article
Effect of Artificial Piglet Suckling Sounds on Behavior and
Performance of Piglets and Adrenal Responses of Sows
Jaruwan Khonmee,
1,2
Thanat Wathirunwong,
3
Terdsak Yano,
3
Chaleamchat Somgird,
4
Janine L. Brown ,
5
and Panuwat Yamsakul
3
1
Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai 50100, Tailand
2
Excellent Center in Veterinary Bioscience, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Tailand
3
Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Tailand
4
Department of Companion Animal and Wildlife Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai 50100, Tailand
5
Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA
Correspondence should be addressed to Panuwat Yamsakul; ninunu@gmail.com
Received 25 March 2018; Revised 6 August 2018; Accepted 15 August 2018; Published 22 October 2018
Academic Editor: Maria Laura Bacci
Copyright © 2018 Jaruwan Khonmee et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly
cited.
Operation of the farrowing house is essential to the productivity of a swine farm, requiring not only good management but also
knowledge of the behavior of sows and piglets. Stress can negatively afect production in farm animals and could be a factor in
production indexes. Te objective of this study was to investigate the efect of artifcial sucking sounds on the behavior of piglets
and fecal glucocorticoid (FGM) concentrations of sows. A total of 30 sows were divided into two groups: a treatment group (15 sows)
was exposed to artifcial sucking sounds and a control group (15 sows) was not. Both groups received the same management; the
two open-house system locations were separated by a distance of about 270 meters. Te study had three key objectives: to compare
farrowing indexes and to observe the sucking behavior of piglets using CCTV cameras. Fecal samples were collected daily for 21
days from the period afer parturition to weaning to assess adrenal activity. Te treatment group had a signifcantly higher average
number of times piglets came to a sow’s udder, and sows had a shorter onset time for the frst piglet to come to the sow’s udder than
the control group (both P<0.05). Te patterns and levels of FGM between the two groups were not diferent (both P<0.05), but
the treatment group had better farrowing indexes than the control group (P>0.05), particularly for litter weight gain and percent
preweaning mortality. In addition, the weaning to frst service interval of the treatment group was shorter than the control group
(P<0.05). Tis indicates that the artifcial suckling sound probably has no adverse efect on adrenal responses of pig; however, it
improves production indexes of postparturition sows.
1. Introduction
Good production indexes on a swine farm are dependent
on good management in the farrowing house. One factor
in that index is the quantity and quality of milk provided
to piglets by nursing sows which afects the strength of the
piglets and their potential as they mature. Related to that is
the milk let-down refex of sows which depends on many
diferent hormones, especially prolactin and oxytocin [1–3].
Both of those hormones are stimulated by piglets massaging
the udder [4]. Each cycle of milk let down lasts approximately
40 to 60 minutes and begins about 1 to 3 minutes afer
massage by a piglet begins [5, 6].
Normally, sounds made by the sow can induce the suck-
ling behavior of piglets including massaging the sow’s udder;
i.e., sound is important for stimulating suckling behavior of
piglets. Kasanen and Alger [7] reported that pulsating sounds
made by sows can induce suckling behavior in piglets [4]. If
piglets can receive sow’s milk in a higher level, they will be
resulting in a better production performances e.g., increased
Hindawi
Veterinary Medicine International
Volume 2018, Article ID 2762153, 7 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2762153