Research Article Dynamical System Analysis of a Lassa Fever Model with Varying Socioeconomic Classes Ifeanyi Sunday Onah 1 and Obiora Cornelius Collins 2 1 Department of Mathematics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria 2 Institute of Systems Science, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa Correspondence should be addressed to Obiora Cornelius Collins; obiora.c.collins@gmail.com Received 8 May 2020; Revised 26 August 2020; Accepted 13 September 2020; Published 25 November 2020 Academic Editor: Juan Manuel Peña Copyright © 2020 Ifeanyi Sunday Onah and Obiora Cornelius Collins. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Lassa fever is an animal-borne acute viral illness caused by Lassa virus. It poses a serious health challenge around the world today, especially in West African countries like Ghana, Benin, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Sierra Leone, and Nigeria. In this work, we formulate a multiple-patch Lassa fever model, where each patch denotes a socioeconomic class (SEC). Some of the important epidemiological features such as basic reproduction number of the model were determined and analysed accordingly. We further investigated how varying SECs affect the transmission dynamics of Lassa fever. We analysed the required state at which each SEC is responsible in driving the Lassa fever disease outbreak. Sensitivity analyses were carried out to determine the importance of model parameters to the disease transmission and prevalence. We carried out numerical simulation to support our analytical results. Finally, we extend some of the results of the 2-patch model to the general n-patch model. 1. Introduction Lassa fever is an acute virus (arenavirus) caused by Lassa virus. It is hosted by a rodent called the multimammate rat (Mastomys natalensis). Lassa fever is known to be a zoonotic disease that is primarily transmitted to humans from direct contact with infected animals. It can also be transmitted through food or household items that are exposed to the urine or faeces of infected animals. There can also be cases of secondary infection through inhalation or ingestion. Lassa fever can also be transmitted from one individual to another, when such individuals share medical equipments that are contaminated. Skin breaks in humans can be a medium through which humans can get infected with Lassa fever, and also, from dust particles through the mucous membranes referred to as aerosol transmission [1, 2]. Lassa fever poses a serious health challenge around the world today, especially in West African countries: Ghana, Benin, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Sierra Leone, and Nigeria [2, 3]. There has been emergence of cases in Nigeria in recent times, and this stands as a threat to humanity and good health. According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), between January and February 2020, Nigeria has about 172 laboratory-confirmed cases with 72 deaths in 26 out of 36 states of the country including the Federal Capital Territory. The fatality rate of Lassa fever stands at about 14.8% [4]. There is also a report from WHO that “Lassa fever is endemic in Nigeria and has its peak period during the dry seasons (i.e., between December and April of every year).” This is because the Mastomys rat is been reproduced more in the wet season (i.e., May–June) [4]. Direct and indirect exposure to Mastomys rats has been found to be the main vector of infection of Lassa fever. This direct or indirect transmission stands at a scary rate of 90 −95% in Nigeria [4]. Indirect here is contact with food or household equipments that has been exposed to the urine or faeces of the Mastomys rat. In a more general view, the sta- tistics of Lassa fever according to the Center for Disease Hindawi Journal of Applied Mathematics Volume 2020, Article ID 2601706, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2601706