Acta Acta Acta Acta logistica ogistica ogistica ogistica - International Scientific Journal about Logistics International Scientific Journal about Logistics International Scientific Journal about Logistics International Scientific Journal about Logistics
Volume: 10 2023 Issue: 3 Pages: 463-476 ISSN 1339-5629
Employee engagement in logistics industry: a perspective in Indonesia
Haryanto Haryanto, Harry Suharman, Poppy Sofia Koeswayo, Haryono Umar
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Copyright © Acta Logistica, www.actalogistica.eu
https://doi.org/10.22306/al.v10i3.419 Received: 18 Apr. 2023; Revised: 23 May 2023; Accepted: 20 June 2023
Employee engagement in logistics industry: a perspective in Indonesia
Haryanto Haryanto
Padjadjaran University, Jl. Dipati Ukur No. 35, Bandung, West Java 40132, Indonesia, haryanto2689@gmail.com,
ORCID: 0000-0002-9040-6578, haryanto20001@mail.unpad.ac.id (corresponding author)
Harry Suharman
Padjadjaran University, Jl. Dipati Ukur No. 35, Bandung, West Java 40132, Indonesia,
ORCID: 0000-0003-0787-0730, harry.suharman@unpad.ac.id
Poppy Sofia Koeswayo
Padjadjaran University, Jl. Dipati Ukur No. 35, Bandung, West Java 40132, Indonesia,
ORCID: 0000-0002-7064-2602, poppy.sofia@unpad.ac.id
Haryono Umar
ABFI Institute Perbanas, Jl. Perbanas, Jakarta 12940, Indonesia,
ORCID: 0000-0002-1204-6618, flamboyan24@gmail.com
Keywords: logistic industry, leadership style, employee engagement, corporate reputation, internal control and corporate
governance.
Abstract: Indonesia has a lower employee engagement rate than other nations in Southeast Asia, and this phenomenon
applies to all industries, including the logistics sector. The logistics industry generally contributes a critical portion of a
nation's economy, so further study of the management effectiveness in logistics companies is essential. Any company
requires a reliable workforce to function at its best. This research investigates some variables influencing employee
engagement in the Indonesian logistics industry. The first variable is corporate governance; the second variable is internal
control; corporate reputation is the third, where all these three are set as independent variables. The research also examines
whether leadership style moderates the influences of the three independent variables on employee engagement. This study
collected data research by distributing questionnaires to 742 respondents from 353 logistics firms. Statistical results came
from the Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) method used in this study. The findings revealed
that the three independent variables positively and significantly impacted employee engagement. The leadership style
functioned as the moderating role in corporate governance’s impact and the corporate reputation’s effect proven in this
research; in contrast, it did not apply to internal control’s impact. These results suggest that logistics companies in
Indonesia can improve employee engagement by ensuring exemplary implementation of the three independent variables
while adopting a leadership style that supports these efforts.
1 Introduction
An important field of any national economic growth
contributor is the logistics industry. According to [1],
Indonesia’s logistics industries contributed 21.3% of the
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 2021. It indicates that this
sector significantly contributes to the country’s economy,
and its survival is critical. In 2018, Indonesia’s logistics
performance index was ranked 46
th
globally by The World
Bank [2], categorizing it as one of the lowest regions. It
indicates that this sector has substantial room for future
growth, which must come from the government and private
organizations. Companies must use their resources
optimally to achieve corporate goals due to the increasing
business competition [3]. This fact is also in addition to the
need for change from conventional to digital-based
companies with employee support. The pandemic also
accelerated the necessity of transforming into a digital
world, forcing all sectors to switch to digital-based
operations immediately.
The quality of human resources can be measured
through employee engagement (EE), which shows how
much they are psychologically and physically available
[4]. High employee loyalty improves performance within
the corporate space. This finding proves that a solid
employee is required to strengthen the organization's
competitiveness [5]. The new trend that emphasizes the
necessity for employee engagement study is the frequent
change of jobs by the millennial generation due to their
lack of loyalty and concern about the work atmosphere
rather than building a career and getting promoted while
staying in the same workplace [6]. Secondly, most
companies with open job vacancies need applicants with
various work experience, and they expect newly recruited
employees to adapt quickly to the environment without
basic training [7]. Based on empirical evidence, most
innovative companies with better customer service have
higher stock performance and fewer employee resignations
than their competitors [8]. Most leaders usually focus on
the corporation's positive impact of high employee
engagement because it significantly contributes to
organizations, given its substantial role and numerous
advantages. Gallup [9] stated that companies having more
solid employee engagement grades outperform firms with
low engagement rates in absenteeism, well-being, safety