Journal of Environmental and Agricultural Studies ISSN: 2710-1401 DOI: 10.32996/jeas Journal Homepage: www.al-kindipublisher.com/index.php/jeas JEAS AL-KINDI CENTER FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Copyright: © 2023 the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Published by Al-Kindi Centre for Research and Development, London, United Kingdom. Page | 1 | RESEARCH ARTICLE Effect of Phosphorus Fertilizer and Seed Rates on Growth and Yield of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L) in Kunduz, Afghanistan Khalilullah Khaleeq 1 ✉ Abdul Kafil Bidar 2 and Ahmad Munir Amini 3 13 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kunduz University, 3501, Afghanistan 2 Head of Agribusiness Management Department, Kunduz Agriculture Faculty, 3501, Afghanistan Corresponding Author: Khalilullah Khaleeq, E-mail: khalil.khaleeq@gmail.com | ABSTRACT A field experiment was conducted on the Effect of phosphorus fertilizer and seed rates on the growth and yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) at the Farm of the agriculture faculty of Kunduz University during the spring season of 2023 to determine the optimum rates of phosphorus fertilizer and seed rates for maximum yield of common bean in the northeast of Afghanistan (Kunduz province). The treatment consists of three phosphorus levels (0kgP2O5ha -1 , 40kgP2O5ha -1 and 80kgP2O5ha - 1 ) and four combined seed rates (125 kgha -1 , 150 kgha -1 , 175 kgha - 1 and 200 kg ha -1 ) laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results revealed that phosphorus levels and different seed rates significantly affected on growth, yield attributes and yield of common bean on plant height, Leaf area/plant (cm 2 ), Brunches/plant, Root dry weight/plant(g), Nodules/pant, No. of notes/plant, Pods/plant, Seeds/pod, 100 seed weight, seed yield/plant(g) and Grain Yield t/ha, the highest plant height (44.10cm), Leaf area/plant (217.18cm 2 ), Brunches/plant(11.75), Root dry weight/plant (2.282g), Nodules/pant (12.16), Leaves/plant (47.833), No. of notes/plant (7.88), Pods/plant (16.98), Seeds/pod (6.97), 100 seed weight(34.536), seed yield/plant(8.83g) and Grain Yield (2.20t/ha) was in treatments 80kgP2O5ha -1 respectively. Seed rates were also significantly affected in treatment 200 kg ha -1 except for harvest index; all other yield attributes and yield was significant; the highest yield attributes and yield was in seed rate 200 kg ha -1 . Thus 80kgP2O5ha -1 with 200 kg ha -1 was found to be the best combination under northeast of Afghanistan agro-ecology as it gave higher values for yield and most yield related traits. | KEYWORDS Seed rate, plant height, phosphorus, grain yield, growth and common bean | ARTICLE INFORMATION ACCEPTED: 02 August 2023 PUBLISHED: 19 August 2023 DOI: 10.32996/jeas.2023.4.3.1 1. Introduction The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most popular legumes consumed worldwide. The crop is grown for immediate human consumption and has a greater commercial value than all other legume crops combined (W. J. Broughton et al. 2003). Common bean is cultivated in almost all continents of the world for utilization of 50% of the grain legume consumed as a source of protein around the world (Ciat 2008). In Afghanistan, it is grown for food because it is a good source of protein; Afghanistan farmers favor common beans above other crops because of their early maturing traits, which allow households to meet their food needs and obtain the necessary monetary revenue, while other crops are not yet fully developed and ready for consumption. The crop is the best among pulses and is referred to as “the poor man’s meat” because it makes up for any potential protein deficiencies in low-income households (D. Legese et al. 2006). It is also the major staple food supplementing protein source for poor farmers who cannot afford to buy expensive meat. Common bean is high in starch 49%, protein 21.4% and dietary fiber 22.9% and is also a good source of minerals and vitamins, including iron, potassium, selenium, molybdenum, thiamine, vitamin B6, and folic acid (Ferris S.et al.2008).