Elite Journal of Public Health. Volume 1 issue 1(2023), Pp. 12-24 https://epjournals.com/journals/EJPH Citation: Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Strategies to Combat Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Uganda: A Review. Elite Journal of Public Health, 2023; 1 (1): 12-24 1 Strategies to Combat Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Uganda: A Review * Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu 1 and Getrude Uzoma Obeagu 2 1 Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Kampala International University, Uganda. 2 School of Nursing Science, Kampala International University, Uganda. *Corresponding author: Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Kampala International University, Uganda. emmanuelobeagu@yahoo.com, obeagu.emmanuel@kiu.ac.ug 0000-0002-4538-0161 Abstract Mother-to-Child Transmission (MTCT) of HIV remains a significant public health concern in Uganda, demanding effective strategies to prevent and mitigate its impact. This comprehensive review critically examines the various approaches and interventions implemented to combat MTCT in the Ugandan context. Key themes include Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) programs, the role of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) for pregnant women, the strength of healthcare infrastructure, community engagement and education, and the influence of policy interventions. The review synthesizes current evidence, explores challenges faced, and proposes future directions for more targeted and sustainable efforts in combating MTCT of HIV in Uganda. This analysis contributes to the global discourse on HIV prevention and underscores the importance of multifaceted strategies in achieving meaningful progress in the fight against MTCT. Keywords: Mother-to-Child Transmission, HIV, PMTCT Programs, Healthcare Infrastructure, Community Engagement, Policy Interventions, Uganda HIV/AIDS Introduction Mother-to-Child Transmission (MTCT) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a significant public health challenge, particularly in regions with high HIV prevalence, such as Uganda. Despite global strides in combating the HIV/AIDS pandemic, preventing the transmission of the virus from HIV-positive mothers to their infants is a critical focus area for sustained progress. 1-7 Uganda has made considerable strides in addressing the HIV/AIDS epidemic, but the threat of MTCT persists as a major contributor to new infections. 8 The unique challenges faced by pregnant women living with HIV necessitate tailored interventions that span the prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal periods. The introduction contextualizes the prevalence of MTCT in Uganda,