Relaxation process from photoinduced states of double-step spin-crossover systems using a kinetic two-sublattice Ising-like model including intra-site coupling Shinichiro Mouri* and Koichiro Tanaka Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwaketyo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan Sébastien Bonhommeau Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (LCC/CNRS/UPR8241), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 205, Route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France and Laboratoire de Physique des Solides de Toulouse, UMR 5477 CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex, France Nawel Ould Moussa, Gábor Molnár, and Azzedine Bousseksou Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (LCC/CNRS/UPR8241), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 205, Route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France Received 7 September 2007; revised manuscript received 24 September 2008; published 18 November 2008 A two-sublattice kinetic mean-field Ising-like model is proposed to describe the relaxation process from photo-induced metastable states in double-step spin-crossover complexes. Its originality lies in the rigorous treatment of intra-site coupling that yields dynamical equations by using additionally the Glauber stochastic treatment of master equations. The numerical resolution of these equations permits one to extract not only the high-spin fraction but also the intra-site correlation and the symmetry-breaking parameter which are hidden order parameters in these systems. Our simulation can demonstrate interesting relaxation behavior. As the result of synergy of inter- and intra-site interactions, double-step relaxation curves can be obtained in most cases. When decreasing the magnitude of interactions, one-step sigmoidal relaxation or stretched exponential relaxations appear. Asymmetry between A and B sublattices may even induce curious dynamics such as triple steplike behavior that is also observed for weak fluctuations in the initial configuration. For stronger fluctua- tions the system relaxes to an ordered metastable state instead of reaching the ground state. This model is finally applied to genuine systems, namely, the binuclear spin-crossover complex FebtNCS 2 2 bpymand the polymeric spin-crossover compound FepmdAgCN 2 Ag 2 CN 3 that exhibit both a two steps thermal spin transition. The relaxation curves are then conveniently reproduced considering weak-interaction param- eters whose possible origins will be highlighted. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.174308 PACS numbers: 75.30.Wx, 64.60.My I. INTRODUCTION Photo-induced phase transitions PIPTRefs. 1 and 2 are highly cooperative structural and electronic phenomena in solid state. They consist of populating nonequilibrium states by irradiating a system initially in its ground state. Once the photoexcitation is over, the material tends to relax from this photogenerated state. Several treatments that are proposed to interpret relaxation processes take advantage of the kinetic Ising-like model based on a stochastic approach developed by Boukheddaden and co-workers. 38 In particu- lar, such a model turns out to be appropriate to allow for relaxations following light-induced excited spin state trap- ping LIESSTeffect in ironIIspin-crossover complexes from a low-spin LSstate 1 A 1 to a metastable high-spin HSstate 5 T 2 . 9,10 It accounts especially well for sigmoidal self-acceleratedrelaxation decays occurring in rather strongly cooperative systems. This kinetic Ising-like model has also the advantage to give a microscopic view of coop- erative interactions, which is not the case in the empirical rate-equation model proposed by Hauser et al., 11 even though it can reproduce the typical relaxation dynamics of ironIIspin-crossover complexes monoexponential and stretched exponential relaxations notably. In this paper, we are going to focus on spin-crossover compounds showing double-step thermal spin transition. The two-sublattice Ising-like model suggested by Bousseksou et al. 12,13 is one of the best models used to explain the static behavior of their thermal spin conversion. In the frame of this approach, the double-step conversion is caused by the synergistic effect of ferromagneticlike and antiferromagneti- clike interactions thought to be at the origin of the unusual photo-induced properties that are sometimes observed in these materials. Two interesting examples are the binuclear spin-crossover complex FebtNCS 2 2 bpymand the polymeric mononuclear spin-crossover complex FepmdAgCN 2 Ag 2 CN 3 . In the former, a double-step spin conversion from the HS-HS state to the LS-LS state via the HS-LS state occurs, and it is possible to populate selec- tively the HS-LS state using an infrared laser irradiation and the HS-HS state with a red laser excitation from the LS-LS state. 1417 In the latter, the double-step relaxation behavior is also observed but only the pure HS state can be photogenerated. 18 In order to shed different light on the re- laxations of double-step spin-crossover compounds, we ex- tend in this paper the aforementioned kinetic Ising-like model to the study of relaxation processes from photo- induced states in double-step spin-crossover complexes by including local intra-site couplings. In Sec. II, a different theoretical model based on micro- scopic Ising-like Hamiltonian including local antiferromag- PHYSICAL REVIEW B 78, 174308 2008 1098-0121/2008/7817/17430811©2008 The American Physical Society 174308-1