147
© Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2022
DOI 10.7546/PhB.28.2.2022.1
PHYTOLOGIA BALCANICA, 28(2): 147-156, Sofa, 2022
Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,
Acad. G. Bonchev Str, bl. 23, 1113 Sofa, Bulgaria, e-mail: vladimir_bozukov@yahoo.com
(corresponding author); dimiter@gbg.bg
Received: May 10, 2022 ▷ Accepted: June 10, 2022
New data on the Middle Miocene fora of Northwest
Bulgaria
Vladimir S. Bozukov & Dimiter A. Ivanov
Key words: Bulgaria, Macclintockia basinervis, Melaleuca, Middle Miocene, Myrtaceae, paleofora, Tristaniopsis
Abstract. Two leaf imprints have been studied of the Middle Miocene fora from Ruzhintsi village, Northwest Bul-
garia. One was determined as Macclintockia basinervis and the second as Tristaniopsis af. laurina. New
evidence has been obtained that Macclintockia is afliated to the Myrtaceae family. In that context, the
Australian species Melaleuca quinquenervia has been acknowledged as the nearest living relative to the frst
fossil species. In the course of determination of the second leaf imprint, a considerable morphological iden-
tity has been found with another representative of the family Myrtaceae, again from the Australian fora,
namely, Tristaniopsis laurina. Tat recent species has been acknowledged as the nearest rlative to the fossil
material, for the taxonomic determination of which the combination Tristaniopsis af. laurina was applied.
Bozukov, V.S. & Ivanov, D.A. 2022. New data on the Middle Miocene fora of Northwest Bulgaria.
--Phytologia Balcanica, 28 (2): 147-156 -- ISSN 1310-7771 (print), 1314-0027 (online).
Citation:
Introduction
Tere are 32 studied locations of the Sarmatian
s.l. macrofora in Northwest Bulgaria (Palamarev
& Petkova 1987), most of them dated to the Middle
Miocene (Volhynian = Late Serravalian) and only
few to the Late Miocene (Bessarabian = Early Tor-
tonian (see Ivanov & al. 2019). Te local palaeofora
in the area of Ruzhintsi Vilage, Vidin District, is the
richest among the other Middle Miocene foras. It
comprises 102 fossil species. In spite of the fact that
macrofossils from that location, stored in the paleo-
botanical collection of the Institute of Biodiversity
and Ecosystem Research (IBER) with the Bulgarian
Academy of Sciences, have been thoroughly studied,
two imprints of so far indetermined leaf laminas
have been found there. Te present study deals with
the elucidation of their taxonomy. Te two studied
imprints have been acknowledged as being afliated
to the family Myrtaceae. Presently, representatives of
this family are extremely rare in the European fo-
ra. Only the species Myrtus communis L. occurs in
the European part of the Mediterranean. Tat is why,
new data about taxa from this family are extremely
important for revealing its distribution, both geohis-