European Journal of Biophysics 2014; 2(4): 38-48 Published online September 20, 2014 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ejb) doi: 10.11648/j.ejb.20140204.12 ISSN: 2329-1745 (Print); ISSN: 2329-1737 (Online) Evolution of cancer: A quantum mechanical approach Md. Shaifur Rahman 1, #, * , Md. Fahmid Islam 2, # , Md. Al Mamun 3 , S. M. Abdul-Awal 4 , Mahbub E. Sobhani 5 1 Tissue Banking and Biomaterial Research Unit, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Dhaka-1349, Bangladesh 2 Graduate Student and Research Assistant, Department of Biochemistry, Saskatchewan Cancer Research Agency, University of Saskatchewan, Canada 3 Lab on a Pad Group, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK 4 Signal Transduction Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK 5 PNI Group, Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh # Equally Contributed Email address: mdshaifur@gmail.com (M. S. Rahman) To cite this article: Md. Shaifur Rahman, Md. Fahmid Islam, Md. Al Mamun, S. M. Abdul-Awal, Mahbub E. Sobhani. Evolution of Cancer: A Quantum Mechanical Approach. European Journal of Biophysics. Vol. 2, No. 4, 2014, pp. 38-48. doi: 10.11648/j.ejb.20140204.12 Abstract: Cancer, the ‘Emperor of All Malady’ has already occupied its position in the list of most fascinating but elusive enigmas in human history like life and consciousness. Existence of phenocopy, C-value paradox and many other electrifying findings has questioned the linear central dogma of molecular biology. This points a paradigm shift towards a stochastic realization of biology. And here, quantum mechanics comes forward with all its experiences in studying the nature’s inherent superposed hierarchy of organizational complexity. Life may be said as information processor that has got the ability to self-organize, driven by the action of consciousness and certainly includes the surrounding environment to form the totality of reality. Any type of noise either subjective or objective causes the fluctuation of this coherent quantum state and can be reduced to a macroscopic disorder that perturbs the biomolecular behavior. These non-local disturbances might be manifested as cancer in a non-deterministic pattern. Keywords: Cancer, Consciousness, Quantum Mechanics, C-Value Paradox, Phenocopy 1. Introduction Modern biology, under the influence of molecular biology, is based on the materialist ontology that everything is made of matter [1]. The transfer of information from DNA to proteins is carried out through a straight pathway, from the DNA through the RNA to proteins, in which the RNA translates the DNA code to amino acids that again are gathered to form the proteins of the cell cytoplasm [2]. However, a term, ‘Phenocopy’, coined by Goldschmidt (1935), describes genetic mutations that follow phenotypic changes produced by the environment. In some cases, these alterations are heritable, indicating that they are accompanied by mutations. This phenomenon is contrary to the linear pattern of DNA> RNA> Protein [3-4]. Again, each of the internal microscopic states of the protein can store information. And these higher information storage densities can’t be stored in DNA alone [5]. Lee et al., (1985) [6] showed that proteins are hardly responsible for the magnificent and manifold structural forms of cell. The C-value paradox (complex puzzle surrounding the extensive variation in nuclear genome size among eukaryotic species, for example, some single celled protists have genomes much larger than that of humans) shows that organizational complexity is not determined by the DNA sequence [7]. Even the form of an organism may evolve in absence of corresponding molecular evolution in DNA [8-9]). Thus, the DNA is merely able to transfer the information for the shape of the proteins, not to transfer the information necessary to organize the proteins in the cell. The mechanisms behind cell (as well supra-cellular) organization and morphogenesis thereby seem to be very difficult to describe in terms of a conventional (particular) molecular biological frame of reference. However, regarding the classical molecular biology of cancer and the basic flaw with pros and cons we published a paper in Oncol Rev [10].