Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 4 (3): 190-196, 2009
ISSN 1990-9233
© IDOSI Publications, 2009
Corresponding Author: Raj K umar Niroula, Biotechnology Unit, N.A.R.C, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal
190
Monitoring of Meiotic Behaviour in Intergenomic Rice Hybrids Produced Between
Nepalese Cultivated Rice O. sativa (AA) and O. officinalis (CC)
Raj Kumar Niroula
Biotechnology Unit, N.A.R.C, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal
Abstract: Cytogenetics of intergenomic rice hybrids produced between cultivated rice, (O. sativa cv. Manshara
and Kalo Jhinuwa) and Nepalese wild species, O. officinalis (2n = 24, CC) was investigated at different stages
of meiotic divisions. At pachytene stage of meiosis, more than 50% cells showed complete pairing. Cytological
analysis at diakinesis, metaphase I (MI), anaphase I (AI) and telophase I (TI) however, revealed that lacking
of pairing between species chromosomes. At diakinesis and MI, almost all hybrid pollen mother cells (PMCs)
had 24 univalents (I) resulted into marked reduction in chiasma frequency/PMC in comparison to their
respective parents. The chiasmata/hybrid PMC was ranged from 1.33±1.06–2.57±2.20. The frequency of bridges,
laggards and bridges + laggards was very high in AI and TI. Manshara x O. officinalis hybrid PMCs showed
normal segregation in few of the cells (1.09%). All the hybrid plants showed 100% sterility for both pollen and
spikelet. The present study suggest that pairing between chromosome was partially normal and most of the
abnormalities associated with later stages are due to desynapsis rather than lack of homology between
A and C genomes.
Key words: Bivalent %Bridges %Chiasmata %Laggards %Oryza offcinalis %PMCs %Pachytene
INTRODUCTION species is urgently needed to prevent the vulnerability
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is, an improtant world's food diversification desired in the breeding germplasm and
crops, taxonomically classified under the family Poaceae subsequent gene introgression using wild species,
(gramineae), sub-family Oryzodeae and tribe Oryzae. however, ultimately depends upon the extent of
Oryzae tribe includes 12 genera. Under the genus Oryza crossability and chromosome pairing and subsequent
there are 24 spcecies that represent ten distinct genomes recombination.
and three levels of gene pool [1]. Of them only O. sativa O. officinalis, one of the most important secondary
and O. glaberrima are in cultivation and remaining gene pools of cultivated rice, is threatening species to
22 species are available in wild forms. Nepal also Nepal and possesses wide range of economic traits
endowed with wild species like O. rufipogon, O. nivara, including resistant to brown plant hopper and
O. officnalis and O. granulata. Most of the wild whitebacked plant hopper and shade tolerance [4].
germplasm, in particular, contain an essentially untapped Several earlier studied conducted elsewhere revealed
reservoir of agriculturally important genes. Genetic that chromosome pairing between cultivated rice and
variability for some of the essential agronomic traits such O. officinalis from other geographical region was largely
as resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses is limited in abnormal with frequently 20-24 univalents/cell [5, 6].
cultivated rice germplasm [2]. Moreover, continuous Large amount of irregularities and limited chromosome
changes in insect biotypes and disease races are a pairing at diakinesis and MI stages have also been
continuing threat to increase rice production. Following reported in intergenomic hybrids between O. sativa and
the plant breeding aided with genomics and molecular other wild species having genomes other than AA [2].
cytogentic techniques to date more than dozen of But, the chromosome relationship between O. sativa and
economic genes have been successfully introduced into O. officinalis of Nepal origin is still unknown. Therefore,
popular varieties of rice from different wild species [3]. from the utilization point of view, the present study was
Further diversification of current rice gene pool using wild carried out to elucidate the background information on
to various biotic and abiotic factors. The extent of