74 Клітинна та органна трансплантологія Том 2, № 1, травень 2014 EFFECTS OF BONE MARROW MULTIPOTENT MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS ON THE NEURAL TISSUE AFTER ISCHEMIC INJURY IN VITRO Rybachuk O. A. 1,2,3 , Kyryk V. M. 3 , Poberezhnyi P. A. 3 , Butenko G. M. 3 , Skibo G. G. 1,2,3 , Pivneva T. A. 1,2,3 e-mail: oks-ribachuk@yandex.ru UDC 611.018.32:57.085.23:576.08 1 Bogomolets Institute of Physiology NAS Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine 2 State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Kyiv, Ukraine 3 State Institute of Genetic and Regenerative Medicine NAMS Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine Ischemic brain lesions are the third most common cause of death in developed countries. It may be the result of both, focal circulatory disorders and transitory cerebral ischemia, caused by a temporary cardiac dysfunction. Ischemic brain injury – ischemic stroke or cerebral infarction – is the result of vessels occlusion with microthrombus after atherosclerotic plaques disruption. Ischemic damage of brain tissue is a result of a number of interrelated processes that develop across time and space [1]. Development of effective treatment methods of this pathology requires further study of molecular and cellular mechanisms of processes, resulting from cerebral blood flow disorders. In the early developmental stages they are largely associated with changes in the biophysical characteristics of the mechanisms that provide the integrative function of neurons: synaptic transmission and functioning of ion channels, including responsible for electrical excitability [1, 2]. These mechanisms play an important role in both natural and artificial neuroprotective effects. There are many treatments for a stroke, but they are not perfect. At present, much attention is paid to cell therapy. In particular, since the late 20 th century there is implemented an international program for the study of stem cells potential, including bone marrow origin. This may result in a significant progress in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases [3-5]. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs) are a population of cells with high adhesive ability in vitro. They are characterized by a significant proliferative activity and maintenance their stemness. They also can differentiate in vitro into chondrocytes, osteocytes, adipocytes; and other types of cells in conditions for induction a specific differentiation way [6, 7, 8]. The most common MMSCs sources are bone marrow, cord blood, adipose tissue, Wharton’s jelly, placenta, umbilical vein, amniotic fluid, amniotic membrane, synovial fluid, skeletal muscles, liver and, even, cord ABSTRACT Stem cells application in neural system injuries is an actual and prospective scientific field of modern regenerative medicine. In recent years much attention has been paid for study of regenerative effects of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs) from different sources on injured tissues. The aim of our study was to determine the level of tissue damage in hippocampus after in vitro model of ischemia and to investigate the effect of bone marrow MMSСs in non-contact co-culture with ischemic neural tissue. The ischemic injury of neural tissue in vitro was modeling in organotypic hippocampal slice culture (OHCs) by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Immunohistochemical analysis after 24 hours of BM- MMSCs co-cultivation with OHCs after ischemia showed a significant reduction of caspase-3-positive dead neural cells, as compared to those in ischemic damage without BM-MMSCs co-cultivation, and reducing of glial cells activation. After co-cultivation of OHCs after OGD with BM- MMSCs there remained cytoarchitectonics of the neural tissue. Analyzing of our data, the neuroprotective effects of BM-MMSCs in non-contact co-cultivation with ischemic hippocampal organotypic slice culture is shown. KEYWORDS: multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, hippocampal organotypic slice culture, oxygen-glucose deprivation, co-cultivation, immunohistochemical staining. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES