Abstract—Mech-Degla, Degla-Beida and Frezza are the date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) common varieties with a more or less good availability and feeble trade value. Some morphologic and physicochemical factors were determined. Results show that the whole date weight is significantly different (P= 95%) concerning Mech-Degla and Degla-Beida which are more commercialized than Frezza whereas the pulp mass proportion in relation to whole fruits is highest for Frezza (88.28%). Moreover, there is a large variability concerning the weights and densities of constitutive tissues in each variety. The white tissue is dominant in Mech-Degla in opposite to the two other varieties. The variance analyze showed that the difference in weights between brown and white tissues is significant (P = 95%) for all studied varieties. Some other morphologic and chemical proprieties of the whole pulps and their two constitutive parts (brown or pigmented and white) are also investigated. The predominance of phenolics in Mech-Degla (4.01g/100g, w.b) and Frezza (4.96 g/100g, w.b) pulps brown part is the main result revealed in this study. Keywords—Common dates, phenolics, sugars, tissues. I. INTRODUCTION VERY year, Algeria produces 60000 tons of date (Phoenix dactylifera) common varieties as Mech-Degla, Degla –Beida and Freeza having moreover a low trade value [1]. Outside of Deglet-Nour variety which is exported and highly appreciated by all consumers, the others are more or less commercialized locally when they are not used as livestock food. Consequently, more cultivars risk disappearing what presents a danger for the biodiversity. Knowledge of the physicochemical characteristics of common varieties permits to show their technologic ability as well as their nutritional value. This last is of uneven interest since the fruit constitutes the most important part of the ration for persons in Algeria’s Sahara like moreover in further countries [2], [3]. Concerning the whole date pulps, in addition to the fact that published physicochemical composition is spreader throughout the literature; many criterions have been introduced in order to compare different commercial varieties [4], [5]. In return we have not found any comparative study about their constitutive tissues. For one thing, this problematic is very important when we seek to product a fruit powder and other technologic process including the heat and/or mass transfers. Indeed, two fundamental types of pulp can be noticed easily: white and brown. H. Amellal-Chibane is with the Laboratory of Soft Technologies, Valorization, Physicochemical of Biological Materials and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences, University M’hamed Bougara of Boumerdès, 35000, Algeria (Phone: +772966400 e-mail: Chibane_hayet@yahoo.fr). Obviously both tissues, brown and white behave differently during different technologic treatments as drying and the product color risk to prove heterogeneous according as the relative content of previously differentiated both tissues are identical or unlike. We wish to indicate that some results about the whole date are showed in previous paper [6] II. MATERIALS AND METHODS The vegetal material (Mech-Degla, Degla-Beida and Freeza) is collected in the region of Biskra in southern Algeria during the autumn of 2006 (Figs. 1-3). The dates were stored at 6°C. The sizes and weights of different parts of the fruit (whole date and pulp) were determined from set of ten dates whereas the densities have been deducted from a set of twenty samples. To evaluate the densities of different edible parts of pulps (brown or pigmented and white parts), these lasts are cut in parallelepiped form, rending easy the calculations. For chemical analysis, a homogeneous sample was prepared after petting and grinding; tests were realized in triplicate except phenolics (one determination). The sugars were analyses (for only Mech-Degla) by HPLC (apparatus type Shimadzu) method according to [7]. The total phenolics were analyzed according to the methods described by [8]. The mineral composition has been measured using atomic absorption spectrometry (apparatus type SOLAAR, 969AA) (NF V05-113, 1972) after mineralization at 600°C and dissolution in hydrochloride acid solution. III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A. Morphologic Characteristics Results from morphological analysis of the date fruits are listed in Table I. The highest date weight was found for Degla–Beida followed by Mech-Degla and then Frezza. Significant difference (P = 95%) existed in date weight between Degla- Beida and Mech-Degla varieties. In addition, this criterion is higher than that found for Kentichi variety (≈ 5g) but feebler comparatively to the Deglet-Nour (10,8g), both last varieties being grown in Tunisia [3]. Compositional and Morphological Characteristics of the Tissues of Three Common Dates Grown in Algeria H. Amellal-Chibane, Y. Noui, A. Djouab, S. Benamara E World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Bioengineering and Life Sciences Vol:8, No:10, 2014 1150 International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 8(10) 2014 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/9999790 International Science Index, Bioengineering and Life Sciences Vol:8, No:10, 2014 waset.org/Publication/9999790