46 Acta Medical and Health Sciences, 2 (1) : 46 - 53 (2023) Advance Access Publication Date: June 2023 DOI: 10.35990/amhs.v2n1.p46-53 REVIEW ARTICLE Effect of antioxidants on kidney damage repair in - diabetes-induced animal: a literature study Astri Pradini 1* , Dian Anggraeny 1 , Tatang Bisri 2 , Diana Akmalia 3 1) Departement of Histology Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. 2) Departement of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medical Faculty Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Jawa Barat, Indonesia /Melinda Hospital-Bandung 3) Bachelor of Medicine Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Jawa Barat, Indonesia *Corresponding author. E-mail: pradini3@gmail.com ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by hyperglycemia. Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus can cause various complications, one of which is diabetic nephropathy, which affects the kidney. Chronic hyperglycemia causes an increase in free radicals and a decrease in antioxidant activity resulting in oxidative stress conditions. This study aims to determine kidney damage caused by oxidative stress and the role of antioxidants in reducing this damage through literature studies. The literature used comes from Google search results such as PubMed, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and ScienceDirect. From the search results, ten journals meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for review and comparison so that a conclusion could be drawn. The results of this literature study have demonstrated that biochemical parameters, such as increased levels of creatinine, urea, malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreased antioxidant enzymes, as well as kidney histological parameters, such as changes in the shape of tubules, glomeruli, and increased kidney expression, are indicators of kidney damage caused by oxidative stress. The mechanism of antioxidants in reducing kidney damage is through DNA cutting, binding to phenolic OH groups, down-regulation of the oxidase expression of nitrogen oxides 4 nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (Nox4 NADPH), antioxidant enzyme systems, activation of the activated protein kinase pathway - silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1- peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (AMPK-SirT1- PGC-1 α), protein glycation reactions, and inhibition of protein 53 (P53) so that erythroid nuclear factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) can activate antioxidant gene transcription. Keyword: Antioxidants, diabetes mellitus, kidney damage , diabetic rats, oxidative stress Received: 2023-05-12, Revised: 2023-06-20 Accepted: 2023-06-27, Published: 2023-06-30. Copyright (c) 2023 Astri Pradini, Dian Anggraeny, Tatang Bisri, Diana Akmalia This is an Open Access (OA) article under the CC BY-SA 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). How to cite : Pradini, A., Anggraeny, D., Bisri, T., and Akmalia, D,. (2023) “Effect of antioxidants on kidney damage repair in - diabetes-induced animal: a literature study”, Acta Medical and Health Sciences, 2(1).p. 46–53. doi: 10.35990/amhs.v2n1.p46-53