Volume 21 • Issue 2 • 1000e116 J Psychiatry, an open access journal ISSN: 2378-5756 Open Access Uddin and Amran, J Psychiatry 2018, 21:2 DOI: 10.4172/2378-5756.1000e116 Editorial Open Access Journal of Psychiatry Jo u r n a l o f P s y c h i a t r y ISSN: 2378-5756 *Corresponding author: Md. Sahab Uddin, Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Tel: +880 1710220110; E-mail: msu_ neuropharma@hotmail.com, msu-neuropharma@hotmail.com Received: January 23, 2018; Accepted: January 23, 2018; Published: January 29, 2018 Citation: Uddin MS, Amran MS (2018) Cannabinoid Hyperemesis: An Erratic Syndrome Linked with Cannabis Abuse. J Psychiatry 21: e116. doi:10.4172/2378- 5756.1000e116 Copyright: © 2018 Uddin MS, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited Cannabinoid Hyperemesis: An Erratic Syndrome Linked with Cannabis Abuse Md. Sahab Uddin 1 * and Md. Shah Amran 2 1 Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh Editorial Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is characterized by chronic cannabis use, recurrent episodes of intractable nausea and vomiting, frequent hot bathing and abdominal pain [1]. Te syndrome was frst described by Allen et al. [2], and later Sontineni et al. [3] who proposed abridged clinical diagnostic criteria. Simonetto et al. by appraising all PubMed indexed journals with case reports and case series on CHS, reported a case series of 98 patients [4]. Tis study confrmed the previously stated outcomes. Te researchers avowed that CHS should be measured in younger patients with chronic cannabis use and repeated nausea, vomiting, as well as pain in the abdominal. Amid illicit drug, cannabis is the utmost typically used this drug in the world [5]. In line with the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 22.2 million people have used cannabinoids in the past month [6]. Te prevalence of use is higher in men than women, a gender gap that extended in the years 2007 to 2014 (Figure 1) [7]. Te number of people afected is not diaphanous as of 2015 [8]. Cannabis use is linked with copious acute and chronic adverse efects as stated earlier such as vomiting, followed by cyclic vomiting syndrome, intense feelings of nausea and accompanying symptoms, abdominal discomfort and compulsive hot bathing behaviour [3]. Habboushe and Sedor, reported that CHS can lead to snags, for example, acute renal failure (ARF) [9]. Te pathogenesis of CHS is covert, several mechanistic theories attempting to explain the exact pathology. Tese notions fall into two themes: dose reliant accumulation of cannabinoids and associated efects of cannabinoid toxicity; and the functionality of cannabinoid receptors in the brain and predominantly in the hypothalamus that controls body temperature and the digestive system [10]. Chang and Windish ofer an outline of substantiating proof for these theories; however, the mechanisms by which cannabis engender controls nausea and the adverse magnitudes of chronic cannabis toxicity remain cryptic [11]. Cannabinoid binds to two kinds of G-protein coupled cannabinoid receptors, CB 1 and CB 2 that act by inhibiting adenylate cyclase [12]. In conjunction with the discovery of the CB 1  and CB 2  receptors has been the identifcation of endogenous arachidonic acid derivatives that bind to these receptors called endogenous cannabinoids, or endocannabinoids [13]. Te therapeutic potential of cannabinoids has been identifed and these compounds are utilized as antiemetics for controlling nausea and vomiting as well as in the progressive phases of ailments such as cancer and acquired immune defciency syndrome [14]. Te acute incidents of CHS typically last for 24 to 48 h and the cessation of use is efective. Generally, 1 to 3 months is required for perfect recovery [15]. Numerous medications for nausea and vomiting are inefective for this syndrome. Chen and McCarron stated that relief has been reported with lorazepam and haloperidol [16]. Furthermore, evaluating for dehydration owing to vomiting and hot showers is imperative as it can lead to ARF and resolved with intravenous hydration [16]. CHS is a novel and under-documented clinical entity. Advanced studies are obligatory to control this disease prevalence and its other epidemiological features, natural antiquity as well as pathophysiology. Further treatments are enforced and exertions to stop cannabis abuse are supreme. Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank the anonymous reviewer(s)/editor(s) of this article for their constructive reviews. Competing Interests The authors state no competing interests. References 1. Sorensen CJ, DeSanto K, Borgelt L, Phillips KT, Monte AA (2017) Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome: Diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment-a Figure 1: Cannabinoids are the illicit drug most likely to be used by teenagers and its abuse lead to cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome. The treatment of this syndrome is supportive and emphases on ceasing cannabis use.