Urethral duplication in children: Our experience of eight cases S.B. Mane, Abu Obaidah*, Nitin P. Dhende, Jamir Arlikar, Himanshu Acharya, Ashokanand Thakur, Suyodhan Reddy Department of Pediatric Surgery, JJ Hospital, Grant Medical College, Byculla, Mumbai 400008, India Received 7 December 2008; accepted 7 January 2009 Available online 23 February 2009 KEYWORDS Urethral anomaly; Accessory urethra; Urethral duplication; Y-duplication Abstract Objective: Duplication of urethra has varied presentations and multiple techniques have been described for its correction. We present our experience in the management of this anomaly. Material and method: We retrospectively reviewed the records of eight patients treated for urethral duplication in 1998e2008. We managed four cases of Y-duplication, three of whom underwent buccal mucosal tube urethroplasty and one urethrourethrostomy. Two patients pre- sented with double stream (type II A2); in one urethrourethrostomy was done and the other child underwent vesicostomy as initial treatment. Two cases were of type II B duplication (two urethra opening as single meatus); one required only dilatation of urethra and the other excision of accessory tract. Result: Mean age at presentation was 56.9 months. Associated anomaly was present in only two patients. Single-stage procedure was done in four patients and multi-staged procedure in three patients. Overall mean number of procedures required was 2.8; more were required in the case of Y-duplication compared to the other types. On follow-up all patients were passing urine in single stream. Conclusion: Thorough work up to detect any associated anomaly and type of duplication is required for the management of urethral duplication. Single-stage repair with buccal mucosa as tube urethroplasty in cases of Y-duplication is feasible with good outcome. ª 2009 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Introduction Urethral duplication is a rare anomaly that was first described by Aristotle [1]. It is more frequent in males. The clinical presentation differs according to the anatomical variant present. Duplication usually occurs in the sagittal plane; less commonly the urethras lie collaterally (side by * Corresponding author. Tel.: þ91 93 23767799; fax: þ91 22 22162111. E-mail addresses: Sbmane2001@yahoo.co.in (S.B. Mane), abu252002@gmail.com (A. Obaidah), nitinkhyati@yahoo.com (N.P. Dhende), himacharya@yahoo.co.in (H. Acharya). 1477-5131/$36 ª 2009 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.jpurol.2009.01.006 Journal of Pediatric Urology (2009) 5, 363e367