Research Article
Fetoplacental Weight Relationship in Normal Pregnancy and
Pregnancy Complicated by Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension and
Abruption of Placenta among Mothers Who Gave Birth in
Southern Ethiopia, 2018
Tsegaye Mehare
1
and Daniel Kebede
2
1
Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
2
Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
Correspondence should be addressed to Tsegaye Mehare; tseyeshe96@gmail.com
Received 12 April 2019; Accepted 26 December 2019; Published 27 January 2020
Academic Editor: Curt W. Burger
Copyright © 2020 Tsegaye Mehare and Daniel Kebede. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons
Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
Introduction. Placenta is a complex multifunctional organ that maintains pregnancy and promotes normal fetal development. e
fetal outcome is adversely influenced by pathological changes in the placenta because it is a mirror that reflects the intrauterine
status of the fetus. Placental abnormalities are considered a leading cause of maternal and prenatal mortality. is study aimed to
assess the fetoplacental weight relationship in pregnancy-induced hypertension and abruption placenta and compare with the
normal one. Objective. is study designed to assess fetoplacental weight relationships in normal pregnancy and pregnancy
complicated by pregnancy-induced hypertension and abruption of placenta among mothers who gave birth in Dilla niversity
Referral Hospital, southern Ethiopia, 2018. MaterialsandMethods. Institution-based comparative cross-sectional study was used
on 50 placentas from mothers with pregnancy-induced hypertension, 50 placentas from mothers with abruption of placenta, and
50 placentas from mothers with normal pregnancy (control) with an age range of 19–34 years. e weight of the placenta and
newborn were taken and the fetoplacental ratio was calculated. Results. Placental index as well as the weight of the newborn shows
statistically significant (p < 0.001) difference in pregnancy-induced hypertension and abruption placenta group compared with
the normal group. e mean of the fetoplacental ratio in the normal group was 5.52 ± 0.07, in pregnancy-induced hypertension
was5.15 ± 0.11, whereas the abruption placenta was 4.99 ± 0.82. Conclusion. Both PIH and abruption placenta were associated with
remarkable changes in the placenta index such as small placental weight and diameter and results in different kinds of congenital
anomalies and low birth weight of the baby. Hence, fetoplacental ratio was altered. e lowest fetoplacental ratio was 4.99 for
abruption placenta, and the highest was for a normal group of the placenta which was 5.52. erefore, an examination of the
placenta before and after birth guarantees for feto-maternal health.
1. Introduction
e placenta is a complex multifunctional organ that
maintains pregnancy and promotes normal fetal develop-
ment [1]. e fetal outcome is adversely influenced by
pathological changes observed in placenta because it is a
mirror that reflects the intrauterine status of the fetus [2].
Placental anomalies are the leading cause of maternal and
prenatal mortality and important factors affecting fetal
growth. Several studies have been conducted in developed
countries which have suggested that placental indices have a
significant role in fetal growth in terms of weight and
congenital anomalies [3, 4].
Hence, a thorough examination of the placenta in the
uterus and during parturition morphometrically provides
much insight into the prenatal health of the baby and the
mother [5–7]. But currently, very little is known about the
incidence of fetal deaths resulting from placenta
Hindawi
Obstetrics and Gynecology International
Volume 2020, Article ID 6839416, 6 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6839416