Regional Relations and the Future of China’s
Foreign Policy
Review by Brandon K. Yoder
Department of Political Science, Old Dominion University
China’s Regional Relations: Evolving Foreign Policy Dynamics. By Mark Beeson and Fujian Li.
Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2014. 254 pp., $59.95 hardcover (ISBN-13: 978-1-626-37040-1).
At the outset of China’s Regional Relations, Mark Beeson and Fujian Li pose the
following question: Will a rising China become a “responsible stakeholder” in
the international system, or will it challenge the US-led international order as it
grows more powerful? The book thus contributes to the massive literature on
the implications of China’s rise. Yet, although the question is far from novel, the
authors adopt an innovative approach for addressing it. China’s current relations
with countries in neighboring regions, they argue, are particularly informative of
its future foreign policies. Because China’s growing power and influence will first
be manifested in relations with its neighbors, China’s regional relations should
yield insights into its likely future behavior in other contexts as it becomes more
powerful. Furthermore, because China is a member of several distinct and heter-
ogeneous regions, explaining variation in its foreign policies across these regions
should help identify factors that will affect China’s foreign policies in future con-
texts.
Although many other works have examined China’s regional relations, few
have done so in the systematic manner that Beeson and Li adopt. The authors
examine China’s relations in five neighboring subregions of Asia: the Asia-Paci-
fic, Southeast Asia, Northeast Asia, Central/South Asia, and Australia. While
others have examined China’s bilateral relations with individual neighbors (for
example, Goldstein 2005; Ross 2006; Swaine 2011) or with one subregion in iso-
lation (for example, Goh 2007; Johnston 2008), Beeson and Li view regions
holistically, as imagined communities of states that vary in their degrees of eco-
nomic interdependence, institutional integration, and cultural/normative cohe-
sion. This variation in regional context, in turn, shapes China’s foreign policies
beyond the nature of individual bilateral relationships.
Beeson and Li never explicitly identify a coherent, deductive framework that
explains variation in China’s foreign policies generally across these subregions,
and instead, limit themselves to descriptive analysis with ad hoc references to vari-
ous theoretical lenses. This is strange since a careful reading of their cases
reveals a distinct overarching argument: The authors characterize China’s grand
strategy as one of “peaceful rise,” which involves reassuring neighbors of its
benign intentions, and fostering economic cooperation and institutional integra-
tion to sustain China’s growth and increase its political influence. As a rising
state that needs economic growth and enhanced international status to maintain
domestic stability, the benefits of economic interdependence and institutional-
ized cooperation compel China to adopt cooperative foreign policies toward its
regional neighbors and the United States. Yet, as others have noted, Chinese pol-
icymakers face a powerful countervailing incentive: The combination of domestic
nationalism and the Chinese Communist Party’s tenuous legitimacy propels
Yoder, Brandon K. (2014) Regional Relations and the Future of China’s Foreign Policy. International Studies Review,
doi: 10.1111/misr.12177
© 2014 International Studies Association
International Studies Review (2014) 16, 702–704