Predicting Malaysia Business Cycle using Wavelet
Analysis
Samsul Ariffin Abdul Karim
Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Bandar Seri Iskandar,
31750 Tronoh, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
E-mail: samsul_ariffin@petronas.com.my
Bakri Abdul Karim
Fakulti Ekonomi dan Perniagaan, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
E-mail: akbakri@feb.unimas.my
Fredrik NG Andersson
Department of Economics, Lund University
P.O. Box 7082 S-220 07 Lund, Sweden
NGF.Andersson@nek.lu.se
Mohammad Khatim Hasan
Jabatan Komputeran Industri, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
khatim@ftsm.ukm.my
Jumat Sulaiman
Program Matematik dengan Ekonomi, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Beg Berkunci 2073, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah,
Malaysia.
jumat@ums.edu.my
Radzuan Razali
Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Bandar Seri Iskandar,
31750 Tronoh, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
E-mail: radzuan_razali@petronas.com.my
Abstract-Wavelet transforms are capable to decompose time
series at various level which corresponds to the resolution of the
decomposition. We can find the trend, cycle, noise, structural
break etc. This is where wavelets are so efficient in studying
characteristics of the any time series. In this present article, we
study the use of wavelet (symlet 16) to detect the business cycle
in Malaysia. Firstly we decompose the time series then we study
the long-run trend and we filtered the high frequency
components and finally we find the business cycle in Malaysia.
The results indicated the existence of business cycles for GDP
data in Malaysia which is strongly counter-cyclical.
I. INTRODUCTION
Wavelets are successfully being applied in various
disciplines e.g. engineering, mathematics and sciences. One
of the main advantages of wavelets is there exist fast
algorithm to compute the coefficients. Furthermore with
multi-resolution analysis (MRA), we can study the
characteristics of the data at any level, hence this is why
wavelets potentially being used in various economics and
finance applications. For instance, [1] has studied the use of
wavelets in financial applications. Reference [2] has utilized
the multi-resolution property to show the business cycle for
USA GDP data. He found that wavelets analysis provides
better resolution in the time domain as compared with other
band-pass filters that is always being used in economics.
Reference [3] has studied the use of wavelet transform in
stock exchange problem. They found that wavelets (symlet 8)
are capable to analyze Kuala Lumpur Composite Index
(KLCI) even at level 7. They also show that the Minimax
and fixed form threshold give the better result as compared
to the heuristic SURE and SURE options in terms of Root
Mean Square Error (RMSE) calculation. Reference [4] has
studied the applications of DWT in compressing the
temperature data. In this paper they use Daubechies 4 (D4) to
compress the original data at level 5. Meanwhile [5] has used
wavelets together with Box-Jenkins ARIMA model to study
the time series forecasting. References [6], [7], [8] has
applied WT into various problem in finances and they also
show that wavelets are really suitable to study the time series
behavior. For more details on wavelet theory and its
applications in various disciplines, the reader are encourage
to refer [9], [10], [11], [12] – this books discuss about
wavelets and other filtering method and its applications in
finances and economics, [13] and [14]. Of course there exist
various textbooks on wavelets in the markets.
Noise is extraneous information in a signal or time series
that can be filtered out via the computation of averaging and
detailing coefficients from wavelet transforms. Hence we can
filter out the low frequency (approximation coefficients) and
high frequency (details coefficients). In fact many statistical
phenomena have wavelet structure [3].
In this paper we will discuss the applications of wavelets
in detecting the business cycle (BC) in Malaysia using
Malaysia GDP data. We use the data from Quarter 1 year
1980 until Quarter 2 year 2007. Total we have 110 data. We
utilized symlet 16 to filter the data and study the business
cycle from the decomposition of the data via MRA. The
reason we apply symlet 16 because it has 32 filters and after
we have done several numerical simulation we noticed that
symlet 16 is really suitable to find the business cycle in
Malaysia. Furthermore, symlet 16 has higher vanishing
2011 IEEE Symposium on Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications (ISBEIA), Langkawi, Malaysia
978-1-4577-1549-5/11/$26.00 ©2011 IEEE 379