ScienceDirect
IFAC-PapersOnLine 48-29 (2015) 301–306
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Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
2405-8963 © 2015, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Peer review under responsibility of International Federation of Automatic Control.
10.1016/j.ifacol.2015.11.252
© 2015, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Education Laboratory, Laboratory Techniques, Control Education, Motor Control, PID
Controllers.
1. INTRODUCTION
The Proportional-Integral-Derivative control is one of the
controllers most frequently used in industrial control system
so it is an always present content in the curriculum of
automation students. Many laboratories have been developed
based on PID controller to ensure that students fully
understand its operation (Dormido, 2008). Students of
engineering degrees have done their laboratory practices in
various ways depending on the type of laboratory. Nowadays,
students can work in different types of laboratories: hands-on,
virtual, remote, hybrid, virtual reality, etc. The WebLabs are
laboratories (virtual, remote or hybrid) that are offered to
students via a website and the Learning Management
Systems (LMS) are the most widely used web platforms for
e-learning in higher education. Almost all educational
institutions, naturally including universities, use LMS to
deliver online and blended/hybrid courses or improve the
possibilities of the on-campus courses.
This article presents a WebLab whose main objective is to
help students to understand the operation of PID control and
learn to tune a P, a PD and a PI controller for a DC motor
from a given specifications. The WebLab is formatted as a
Shared Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) package
(ADL, 2009) that can be uploaded in any SCORM-
conformant LMS and interacts with it. SCORM is a
collection of standards and specifications used to define e-
learning contents that is supported by most of the LMS.
Inside the WebLab there are four pages where students can
find useful resources related to the PID control virtual lab.
The student can navigate between these pages accessing to
the resources through a learning path that has been
programmed in a sequence. This sequence can be modified
depending on the actions performed by the learners and their
marks. Each page in the WebLab includes an automatic
assessment whose result is recorded in the LMS and can later
be viewed by the course teachers. The virtual Lab (VL) is a
java Applet developed with Easy Java Simulations (EJS)
(Esquembre, 2003) that is embedded in the third page of the
WebLab. It communicates with the LMS through the
SCORM Run Time Environment (RTE) sub-specification to
obtain the learner identification. Each time a learner runs the
VL, it offers three customized experiments based on the user
identification, it records in the LMS the marks obtained by
the learner and some comments about the work performed by
the learner in each attempt. The learner can recover these
comments during the current run of the VL or in subsequent
runs of the software.
This WebLab has been presented to 340 students of the
“Industrial Automation” subject of the University of Jaén in
the 2014-15 course. Students were divided initially into two
groups (control group and experimental group) in order to
analyse the performance and effectiveness of the laboratory
in various scenarios. The results demonstrate that student
Abstract: Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller is an essential content of the Automation
subjects in many Engineering degrees. The PID controller theory should be supported by some practices
that help students to bring the “real world” into an otherwise theoretical education. This paper presents a
PID Control WebLab that has been developed with a set of related learning resources using an innovative
methodology. Traditional laboratories lessons have been adapted to an e-learning strategy based on a
virtual laboratory embedded into a Shared Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) package along
with a set of related learning resources. The result is a SCORM package including a learning path with
specific theory, tests and a series of experiments where the assessment of the work performed by each
student is recorded in the Learning Management System (LMS). The package itself constitutes a learning
resource that can be reused in any SCORM supported LMS. This PID Control WebLab has been offered
to 340 students of the “Industrial Automation” subject of the University of Jaén in the 2014-15 course.
Several evaluations of this WebLab, also included in this paper, demonstrate that this proposal has
produced excellent results in the knowledge obtained by the students, the WebLab has helped students to
pass the subject final exam and it has been highly regarded by its users: the learners.
Group of Robotic, Automation and Computer Vision (GRAV), University of Jaén, Jaén, 23071
Spain (Tel: +34 953212448; e-mail: alonso@ujaen.es).
Ruano Ruano, I., Cano Marchal, P., Gámez García, J., Gómez Ortega, J.
PID Control WebLab with LMS Integration Using SCORM