Research Article Blockchain-Based Land Registration System: A Conceptual Framework Muhammad Irfan Khalid , 1 Jawaid Iqbal, 2 Ahmad Alturki, 3 Saddam Hussain , 4 Amerah Alabrah , 3 and Syed Sajid Ullah 5 1 Department of Information Technology, University of Sialkot, Pakistan 2 Department of Computer Science, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan 3 Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11543, Saudi Arabia 4 School of Digital Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam 5 Department of Information and Communication Technology, University of Agder (UiA), N-4898 Grimstad, Norway Correspondence should be addressed to Muhammad Irfan Khalid; irfan.khalid@uskt.edu.pk, Saddam Hussain; saddam.sadie@csu.edu.cn, and Amerah Alabrah; aalobrah@ksu.edu.sa Received 10 December 2021; Revised 9 January 2022; Accepted 17 January 2022; Published 15 February 2022 Academic Editor: Fahd Abd Algalil Copyright © 2022 Muhammad Irfan Khalid et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Land registration authorities are frequently held accountable for the alleged mismanagement and manipulation of land records in various countries. Pakistan’s property records are especially vulnerable to falsification and corruption because of the country’s poverty. Different parties therefore claim varying degrees of authority over a specific piece of land. Given the fact that this data has been consolidated, it has become significantly more vulnerable to security threats. The goal of decentralized system research has been to increase the reliability of these systems. In order to fix the flaws of centralized systems, blockchain-based decentralized systems are currently in development. By using significant land record registration models as the basis for this research, we hope to create a proof-of-concept system or framework for future use. Pakistan’s land registration agency will benefit from our proposed conceptual framework. For the Pakistani government to implement a decentralized land record registry system, we propose a conceptual framework that outlines the essential components. 1. Introduction The process of land registration in any country is known to be a multistep process, since it entails the engagement of all stakeholders who will have a direct or indirect stake in the registration. The currently used land record title storage system raises major issues about data fraud, the security of highly sensitive data, and the risk of system failure due to natural disasters, such as the server used for data storage going down [1]. Compared to the current approaches and procedures for land title management and data storage, blockchain is a cutting-edge technology and database that has the ability to completely address the problems that plague current systems. The basic and most important aspect of blockchain technology is that it is a decentralized network in which all data supplied by a single node are confirmed by all other available nodes, and only after a consensus is made can then the shared data be saved to the blockchain [2]. There are various platforms being used for the creation of reliable, decentralized, transparent, immutable, and secure blockchain-based land registration and management systems. Smart contracts based on the Ethereum blockchain are gaining traction among these systems. Being a public blockchain platform, it allows anyone to participate in the blockchain ecosystem [3]. Many attempts have been made to map the land records to this emerging technology (blockchain) with the goal of Hindawi Applied Bionics and Biomechanics Volume 2022, Article ID 3859629, 21 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3859629