1488 Copyright © 2016, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. Chapter 68 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-9619-8.ch068 Alternative, Environmentally Acceptable Materials in Road Construction ABSTRACT Environmental conservation and energy savings, as the fundamental assumptions for sustainable development, and fnancial savings are possible through the use of new, non-standard materials and technologies in the building and maintenance of roads. Diferent types of waste materials and industrial by-products may be used in road construction as an alternative to standard materials. In order to be ap- plicable, alternative materials must meet certain engineering characteristics, show an acceptable level of execution, and be economical in comparison with traditional materials. The reasons for the use of alternative materials are many and largely outweigh the possible shortcomings. The use of alternative materials is signifcant from both the ecological and economic perspectives. Ecologically, the use of alternative materials means a lesser need for the exploitation of natural resources and the quantity of waste accumulated in landflls is reduced. Economically, the use of alternative materials reduces total construction costs. This chapter explores the use of alternative materials. INTRODUCTION Construction uses very large quantities of natural aggregates (gravel, sand, crushed stone) from exca- vation, and a considerable part of those quantities is used for the needs of road construction. Such continuous demand for natural materials depletes natural sources, and, in the areas lacking quality natural aggregates, the purchasing and transport costs increase the construction costs considerably. Exploitation of natural aggregates represents a loss, not only of aggregates themselves, but of the Sanja Dimter University of Osijek, Croatia Tatjana Rukavina University of Zagreb, Croatia Ivana Barišić University of Osijek, Croatia