Copyright © 2020, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. Chapter 9 309 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-9924-1.ch009 ABSTRACT In this chapter, the almost periodicity of the frst principal components is used to carry out the reconstruction of images. First, the principal component analysis technique is applied to an image. Then, the periodicity of its principal components is analyzed. Next, this periodicity is used to build periodic vectors of the same length of the original principal components, and fnally, these periodic vectors are used to reconstruct the original image. The proposed method was compared against the JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) compression technique. The mean square error and peak signal-to-noise ratio were used to perform the above-mentioned comparison. The experimental results showed that the proposed method performed better than JPEG, when the original image was reconstructed using the principal components modifed by periodicity. Image Compression Technique Based on Some Principal Components Periodicity Wilmar Hernandez https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4643-8377 Universidad de Las Americas, Ecuador Alfredo Mendez Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain