Vol.:(0123456789) Surveys in Geophysics https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-018-9483-1 1 3 Integrated Geophysical Investigations at the Greek Kamarina Site (Southern Sicily, Italy) Salvatore Scudero 1  · Rafaele Martorana 1,2  · Patrizia Capizzi 2  · Antonino Pisciotta 3  · Antonino D’Alessandro 1,2  · Carla Bottari 4  · Giovanni Di Stefano 5,6 Received: 19 February 2018 / Accepted: 21 June 2018 © Springer Nature B.V. 2018 Abstract Kamarina, located in southern Sicily (Italy), was an important Greek colony since its foun- dation in the sixth century BC. Archaeological excavations, carried out since the twentieth century, uncovered only limited portions of the site so far. Despite the importance of the Greek colony, the presence of remarkable buildings that archaeologists expected to bring to light has not found fully correspondence in the archaeological excavations. Consequently, the integrated geophysical prospection carried out in the study area is aimed to support and address the future archaeological investigations. After the photographic and thermographic survey obtained by an unmanned aerial vehicle, we performed a systematic survey through ground magnetic and GPR methods over an area of 6200 m 2 . The acquisition procedures have been optimized in order to get the best results combining high resolution and elevated speed of acquisition. The results derived from the three geophysical techniques have been conveniently combined by means of a cluster analysis, allowing us to clearly identify a series of buried archaeological features. Because of their geometrical characteristics, often in good agreement with the spatial arrangement of the archaeological remains at the sur- face, these buried archaeological features can be interpreted as roads, walls, or buildings foundations in which the various construction phases of the city can be clearly recognized. The integrated approach has proven to be essential for a robust interpretation of the archae- ogeophysical investigation. Keywords Archaeogeophysics · Ground magnetic survey · GPR · UAV thermography · Cluster analysis · Kamarina · Sicily 1 Introduction Since its frst applications to archaeology in the 1970s, geophysics provided an essential and valuable support to the archaeological researches, so that today the scientifc com- munity commonly refers to those applications as “archaeogeophysics”. The advantages of the geophysical methods to archaeological prospection rely on the non-invasive nature, * Salvatore Scudero salvatore.scudero@ingv.it Extended author information available on the last page of the article