Sensory and Motor Systems Narrow and Broad g Bands Process Complementary Visual Information in Mouse Primary Visual Cortex Nicolò Meneghetti, 1,2 Chiara Cerri, 3,4,5 Elena Tantillo, 3,6,7 Eleonora Vannini, 3,4 Matteo Caleo, 3,8 and Alberto Mazzoni 1,2 https://doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0106-21.2021 1 The Biorobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa 56025, Italy, 2 Department of Excellence for Robotics and AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa 56025, Italy, 3 Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa 56124, Italy, 4 Fondazione Umberto Veronesi, Milan 20122, Italy, 5 Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy, 6 Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza Onlus (FPS), Pisa 56017, Italy, 7 Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa 56100, Italy, and 8 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua 35131, Italy Visual Abstract g Band plays a key role in the encoding of visual features in the primary visual cortex (V1). In rodents V1 two ranges within the g band are sensitive to contrast: a broad g band (BB) increasing with contrast, and a narrow g band (NB), peaking at ;60 Hz, decreasing with contrast. The functional roles of the two bands and the neu- ral circuits originating them are not completely clear yet. Here, we show, combining experimental and simu- lated data, that in mice V1 (1) BB carries information about high contrast and NB about low contrast; (2) BB modulation depends on excitatory-inhibitory interplay in the cortex, while NB modulation is because of entrain- ment to the thalamic drive. In awake mice presented with alternating gratings, NB power progressively de- creased from low to intermediate levels of contrast where it reached a plateau. Conversely, BB power was November/December 2021, 8(6) ENEURO.0106-21.2021 1–21 Research Article: New Research