RESEARCH
912 REPRINTED FROM AFP VOL.45, NO.12, DECEMBER 2016 © The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners 2016
A nurse-led model of chronic
disease management in general
practice: Patients’ perspectives
Jacqui Young, Diann Eley, Elizabeth Patterson, Catherine Turner
t is estimated that chronic diseases
are responsible for 68% of all deaths
globally.
1
This trend is also evident
in Australia, where cardiovascular
disease is the single largest cause of
mortality, accounting for >34% of all
deaths.
2
In addition, it is estimated that
280 Australians develop diabetes every
day.
3
The majority of chronic disease
management in Australia is carried out
in general practice, with the general
practitioner (GP) being the main caregiver.
4
The landscape of Australian general
practice has changed over the past
decade. Nurses are now employed in
63.3% of general practices
5
and are
given the title ‘practice nurse’ (PN).
6
However, it is argued that PNs in Australia
are underused,
7
and that there is an
overreliance on PNs performing simple
clinical skills.
Chronic disease management has
become a large and growing component
of general practice, and changing models
of care have evolved. International
research suggests that extending the role
of PNs and adopting nurse-led models
of care have benefcial effects on patient
satisfaction, clinical outcomes and quality
of life.
8,9
It has been suggested that PNs
may be better at routine maintenance
and monitoring of patients with stable
chronic diseases, and that they are better
at using evidence-based guidelines such
as clinical protocols.
10
Therefore, this may
offer an opportunity for improving the care
Background
Evidence suggests that current models
of chronic disease management within
general practice are not effective in
meeting the needs of the community.
Objective
The objective of this article is to examine
patients’ perceptions of a nurse-led
collaborative model of care trialled in
three general practices in Australia.
Method
This article reports on the second phase
of a mixed-methods study in which semi-
structured interviews with purposively
selected patients were conducted to
elicit information about their perceptions
of nurse-led care.
Results
Three themes emerged from the data –
time, ambiance and dimensions of the
nurse role.
Discussion
The results suggest that general practice
nurses had a positive impact on patients’
ability to manage their chronic disease.
This infers that there is scope for general
practice nurses to expand their role in
chronic disease management to assist
patients to better self-manage their
chronic diseases.
of patients with chronic disease, which
has been assessed as being less than
optimal.
11
Methods
This study used a sequential explanatory
mixed methods design. This article
reports on the second stage of the study
and attempted to answer the following
research question ‘What are patients’
perceptions of PN-led care and does this
care impact on their health?’.
Design
This study was nested within a larger
(main) study that compared GP-led
(usual care) with PN-led care of chronic
disease in general practice. As reported
elsewhere, this research took place in
three general practices.
12–14
. Two of the
practices were located in Queensland,
one in a regional and the other in a
metropolitan area. The other practice was
located in a rural area of Victoria. One
practice had a solo GP, while the other two
practices had four GPs each. Each practice
employed two to four PNs full time and/or
part time.
The model of care trialled in the
main study
12
involved the PN leading
the management of the patients’ care
by following comprehensive clinical
protocols, which were used in conjunction
with an individually tailored general
practice management plan (GPMP). The
PNs were current registered nursing staff
I