Third Text, Vol. 19, Issue 6, November, 2005, 625–636
Third Text ISSN 0952-8822 print/ISSN 1475-5297 online © 2005 Third Text/Black Umbrella
http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals
DOI: 10.1080/09528820500381640
Recasting Subjectivity
Globalisation and the Photography of
Andreas Gursky and Allan Sekula
Zanny Begg
Taylor and Francis Ltd CTTE_A_138147.sgm 10.1080/09528820500381640 Third Text 0952-8822 (print)/1475-5297 (online) Original Article 2005 Taylor & Francis 19 6 000000November 2005 ZannyBegg zannybegg2@hotmail.com
Globalisation is a complex process that is partially governed and
directed, partially the result of unpredictable and cumulative changes,
which is unifying the world under the neo-liberal economic model but
also fragmenting the experience of life under capitalism. Three key
aspects of globalisation; deterritorialisation; hyper-capitalism; and time-
space compression have generated changes in how we view photogra-
phy that can be registered in the work of Andreas Gursky and Allan
Sekula. Gursky has explored the potentiality of globalisation by opting
for a hybrid technique that combines photography and digital manipu-
lation. Largely focused on the industrial and technological possibilities
of globalisation, he uses digital manipulation to bend our sense of
perception to the outer edge of credibility, creating a world we recogn-
ise but also one which is partially imagined and not yet realised.
Gursky chooses the horizon as the ‘strategic notion’
1
by which to
convey a sense of time–space compression. By flattening out the depth
of field in his images he reduces the power of the horizon – sometimes
even obliterating it all together – creating a new sense of perspective.
Gursky’s world no longer bends away from the viewer; it stands to
attention, in focus, flat, illuminated. This all-over sense of perspective is
evocative of the ‘smooth space’ of globalisation described by Michael
Hardt and Antonio Negri in Empire. Allan Sekula, on the other hand,
has focused on the limits of globalisation. Following the deterritoria-
lised flow of capital, he focuses on the wave of industrialisation in the
developing world which has relocated old technologies into this new
context. Within the two worlds of globalisation, Sekula chooses to
focus on the one inhabited by the poor, the marginalised and the
dispossessed. He has retained an interest in indexical photographic
techniques because he feels this is the clearest way of portraying this
aspect of globalisation.
The difference between Gursky and Sekula’s approach to photogra-
phy highlights the diverse ways in which globalisation can be under-
stood. Both worlds exist within globalisation – one holds the promise of
1. Michel Foucault, Fish
Story, Richter Verlag,
Germany, 2003, p 106.
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