Acta Scientific Dental Sciences (ISSN: 2581-4893) Volume 7 Issue 4 April 2023 Does the Difference in Finishing Systems and Time affect the Surface Roughness of Two Resin Composites? Comparison between Bulk fill and Nano resin composite Research Article Ahmed A Afify 1 , Omaima H Ghallab 2 and Asmaa Y Harhash 3 * 1 Ms.D, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Egypt 2 Professor of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Egypt 3 Professor of Restorative and Esthetic Dentistry, Collage of Dentistry, University of Science and Technology of Fujairah, United Arab Emirates *Corresponding Author: Asmaa Y Harhash, Professor of Restorative and Esthetic Dentistry, Collage of Dentistry, University of Science and Technology of Fujairah, United Arab Emirates. Received: February 28, 2023 Published: March 24, 2023 © All rights are reserved by Asmaa Y Harhash., et al. Abstract Aim: evaluation of the effect of different finishing and polishing systems and the time of finishing either immediate or delayed after 24 hours on the surface roughness of bulk fill resin composite and Nano fill resin composite. Materials and Methods: two resin composite materials were used Filtek Bulk fill resin composite and Filtek z350 Nano fill resin composite. A total of 70 resin composite specimens were prepared according to manufacturer’s instructions in specially constructed split Teflon moulds of 6 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness, specimens were divided into two main groups of 35 specimens of each composite resin, 5 specimens of each group were cured under mylar strip without any finishing or polishing procedures to serve as control group, the other 30 specimen of each composite resin was divided into 3 sub-groups of 10 specimens according to type of finishing and polishing system; one step, two steps or multiple steps, then every sub group was divided into 2 groups of 5 specimens each one according to time of finishing immediate after 10 minutes and delayed after 24 hours, each of specimens was assessed for roughness measurement by optical profilometry. Results: In each composite group, the control had the lowest Ra. Conclusion: Nano filled resin composite exhibited smoother surface than Bulk fill resin composite irrespective of the finishing tech- nique used or time of finishing. Mylar strip created the smoothest surface in both materials Keywords: Time; Surface Roughness; Resin Composites; Bulk Fill Introduction Nano-filled composites were used for providing less polymer- ization shrinkage and higher resistance to traction, compression and fracture as well as an improvement in optical properties, low- er attrition, and greater retention of gloss, [1]. They present simi- lar mechanical and physical properties to those of micro-hybrid composites, but when it comes to polish and gloss retention, they perform better. Nowadays, Bulk-fill composite advanced technology allows for directly placed posterior restorations with bulk fill resin bonded composite in a single increment can achieve high marginal adapta- tion to the floor and walls of cavity preparations. The bulk com- posite retains its shape and is manufactured with a polymerization booster for fast curing of up to 4 mm in 10 seconds in single incre- ment. Finishing refers to the contouring, shaping, and smoothing of the restoration to give anatomical contours and to remove excess material at the interface. Polishing is a step performed after finish- ing when the surface gains a high luster and enamel-like texture, [2]. In this way, it is important to evaluate the effect of different polishing systems on different composite resin, concerning the sur- face roughness of composite resin and color maintenance on time. Materials and Methods Two different tooth-Coloured restorative materials were used in the study table 1: A Bulk fill resin-based composite (3M™ ESPE™ Filtek™ Bulk Fill) and Nano fill resin-based composite (3M™ ESPE™ Filtek™ Z350 XT) (Table 1). All materials were of A2 shades. DOI: 10.31080/ASDS.2023.07.1608 Citation: Asmaa Y Harhash., et al. “Does the Difference in Finishing Systems and Time affect the Surface Roughness of Two Resin Composites? Comparison between Bulk fill and Nano resin composite". Acta Scientific Dental Sciences 7.4 (2023): 80-88.