Elite Journal of Haematology. Volume 2 issue 3(2024), Pp. 107-110 https://epjournals.com/journals/EJH Citation: Jakheng EW, Ahmad Z, Emmanuel Jakheng SP Obeagu EI. Safety and Efficacy of Blood Transfusions in Pregnant Women. Elite Journal of Haematology, 2024; 2(3): 107-110 1 Haemolytic Assessment of Red Blood Cell on Exposure to X-Ray * Emmanuel William Jakheng 1 , Zainab Ahmad 1 , Shango Patience Emmanuel Jakheng 2 and Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu 3 Nigerian institute of Leather Science and Technology (NILEST) Zaria, Nigeria Department of Microbiology, Kampala International University, Uganda Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Kampala International University, Uganda. Abstract This research studied the effect of electromagnetic radiation in forms of X-ray radiation on red blood cell. It is well known that ionizing radiation provokes damage directly by deposition of energy or indirectly by producing oxygen/nitrogen species in DNA double helix in the nucleus. The test was carried out using in-vitro study with five different blood samples collected and divided into four test tubes after which they are exposed at different radiation threshold (50kv, 75kv and 100kv) with the fourth test tube kept s control. Erythrocyte osmotic fragility test was conducted to determine the absorbance, hence the percentage hemolysis. The result was analyzed using a 1-way ANOVA statistical method. Result showed that there is minimal effect of x-rays radiation on human RBC. And the probability of x-ray radiation to cause significant cell damage therefore depends on dose and time. Even at this, protective shields need to be put on by those working in diagnostic imaging centers to prevent the residual damage from the exposure. It is therefore recommended that another result should be carried out to determine the effect of the x- ray radiation on multiple exposures to the radiation, this is to know and correlate between the stochastic and non-stochastic effect of x-ray radiation and thus, to give a clearer picture of the effect of the x-ray radiation. Keywords: haemolysis, red blood cell, x-ray Introduction The red blood cells (RBCs) are highly specialized well adapted for their primary function of transporting oxygen from the lungs to all of the body. Red blood cells are approximately 7.8nm in diameter, and have the form of biconcave discs, a shape that provides a large surface-to-volume ratio. When fresh blood is examined with the microscope red cells appeared to be yellow-green discs with pale centers containing no visible internal structures. When blood is centrifuged to cause