An Exploratory Study of Parent-Adolescent Communication on Sexual
Issues and HIV Prevention, at Otjomuise Clinic, Namibia
Ivy Nyanyiwe Mkandawire and Scholastika Ndatinda Iipinge
*
Welwitchia Health Training Centre, Pelican Square, Windhoek, Namibia
*
Corresponding author: Scholastika Ndatinda Iipinge, Director, Welwitchia Health Training Centre, P.O Box 98604, Pelican Square, Windhoek, Khomas Region 9000,
Namibia, Tel: +264 81 251 4024; Fax: 0886550937; E-mail: siipinge@gmail.com
Received date: November 17, 2017; Accepted date: November 30, 2017; Published date: December 06, 2017
Copyright: © 2017 Mkandawire IN, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
This research looks at parent-adolescent communication on sexual issues and HIV prevention at Otjomuise clinic
in Windhoek-Namibia. The literature review showed that parent-adolescent communication about sexual issues and
HIV prevention is rare especially in Africa because of lack of skills, information and cultural beliefs. The aim of the
study is to investigate parental communication with their adolescents about sexual issues and HIV prevention. The
Specific objectives were: To investigate whether parents communicated with their adolescents on sexual issues and
HIV prevention. To explore type of information that was communicated. To determine challenges encountered in
communicating with their adolescents. To seek suggestions from parents on how to improve communication
between parents and adolescents regarding sexual issues and HIV prevention.
Qualitative design was used. A total of 20 participants were purposively selected and semi-structured interviews
were conducted for data collection. Thematic analysis was utilized for data analysis. The research revealed that
some parents do discuss sexual issues and HIV prevention with their adolescents but not a lot. The information that
they discuss is mainly abstinence. The challenges that parents encounter during discussions are lack of skills and
information to initiate the discussion and cultural beliefs that do not expect a parent to discuss sexual issues and
HIV prevention with their own children.
Parents suggested two things in order to improve parent-adolescent discussions on sexual issues and HIV
prevention: (i) That institutions like schools should provide education on sexual issues and HIV prevention. (ii) That
the government should train the parents on how to discuss sexual issues and HIV prevention with their children
The researcher recommends that parent-teachers associations be established so that parents can learn from
teachers on how to discuss sexual issues and HIV prevention. Together teachers and parents can discuss on how to
educate adolescents about abstinence plus any related issues.
Keywords: Parents; Adolescents; Communication; Sexual issues;
HIV prevention.
Abbreviations AIDS: Acquired Immune Defciency Virus; HIV:
Human Immunodefciency Virus; UNAIDS: United Nations
Programme on HIV/AIDS; UNICEF: United Nations International
Children Fund; WHO: World Health Organisation
Introduction and Background
Tis study was on communication between parents and their
adolescent children between ages ten and nineteen concerning sexual
issues and Human Immunodefciency virus (HIV) prevention. Te
article starts with background to the study, problem statement and
further discusses methodology of the study. Te article also presents
the fndings, conclusion, recommendations and limitations of the
study.
Te study was done at Otjomuise Clinic, a poly clinic in Windhoek
in Namibia. Te estimated total population of Namibia is about two
million and the frst case of AIDS was reported in 1986. It is estimated
that hundred and ffy nine thousand seven hundred and forty four
adults over the age of 15 years are living with HIV//AIDS in Namibia
(1,159,744). In Namibia adult patients are those reporting to health
facilities aged from 13 years old and above [1,2]
Adolescent is any person between ages ten and nineteen years [3].
Communication is the act of sharing or exchanging thoughts or
information [4]. A parent in this study was any adult person, who was
keeping, looking afer and living in the same house with an adolescent
child. Tis group of adolescents was targeted because they are
particularly vulnerable to HIV infection. UNAIDS attribute this to
risky sexual behaviour of being engaged in unprotected sexual
intercourse, lack of information and preventive services or for
economic, social and cultural reasons [5].
Adolescents look for new experiences which is the nature of their
brain development and means that they are likely to seek out new
experiences and engage in more risk-taking behaviours of drinking
and substance abuse which would lead them to early onset of sexual
intercourse [6]. Tey also start to develop and explore sexual identity
and might make them start to have romantic relationships or start
dating which can also lead to early onset of sexual intercourse which
would expose them to HIV infection [7].
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ISSN: 2471-9846
Journal of Community and Public
Health Nursing
Mkandawire and Iipinge, J Comm Pub Health Nurs
2017, 4:1
DOI: 10.4172/2471-9846.1000204
Research Article Open Access
J Comm Pub Health Nurs, an open access journal
ISSN:2471-9846
Volume 4 • Issue 1 • 1000204