Mitigation of Arcing Risks to Pipelines Due to Phase-to-Ground Faults at
Adjacent Transmission Powerline Structures
Wolfgang Fieltsch, P. Eng.
wfieltsch@corrosionservice.com
Corrosion Service Company Limited
2-498 Markland St.
Markham, ON L6C 1Z6 Canada
Bryon Winget, P. Eng.
Pacific Gas and Electric Company
375 North Wiget Lane
Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA
ABSTRACT
Although the probability of a phase to ground fault occurring at a specific transmission powerline tower
and resulting in an arc to an adjacent pipeline may be quite small, the risk cannot be ignored due to the
severity of the potential consequences. A sustained arc to a pipeline could result in melting of the pipe
wall and catastrophic failure of the pipeline. Additionally, the powerline fault current would be trans-
ferred directly to the pipeline via the arc, resulting in safety risks, the potential for additional arcing risks
at crossings with foreign structures, and a risk of damage to isolating flanges and to cathodic protection
equipment upstream and downstream of the fault location.
In order to ensure there is no risk of arcing, a critical or “safe” separation distance between the pipeline
and any part of the powerline tower foundation or grounding system must be maintained. This paper
discusses how to determine the critical separation distance that is required to avoid an arc based on
research, literature and standards, and explores mitigation options in circumstances where this distance
cannot be feasibly maintained. Calculations and mitigation measures from a case study and a pilot site
will be presented.
Keywords: AC Mitigation, AC Interference Pipelines, Arcing, Powerline Fault, Transmission Powerlines,
High Voltage AC (HVAC), Phase-to-ground Fault
INTRODUCTION
This paper discusses how to determine the critical separation that is required to avoid an arc based on
research, literature and standards, and explores mitigation options in circumstances where this critical
distance cannot be feasibly maintained. An arcing investigation program implemented by a California gas
and electric utility is presented as a case study, with specific risk assessment and mitigation details
provided for a pilot location.
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Paper No.
4389
©2014 by NACE International.
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The material presented and the views expressed in this paper are solely those of the author(s) and are not necessarily endorsed by the Association.