Plant Molecular Biology 25: 339-342, 1994.
© 1994 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in Belgium. 339
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Identification of unexplained DNA fragments within the T-DNA borders
of the Bin 19 plant transformation vector
Rupert G. Fray, Andrew D. Wallace and Donald Grierson*
Department of Physiology and Environmental Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington
Campus, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK (*author for correspondence)
Received 21 March 1994; accepted 31 March 1994
Bin 19 is a popular and widely used plant binary
transformation vector, that uses T-DNA borders
from pTiT37 and pTiT7 [1 ]. Unexplained DNA
fragments originating from Bin 19 have been in-
vestigated. This has shown that there are previ-
ously unsuspected M13 sequences present in the
vector T-DNA which would be transferred to
plants during transformation (Fig. 1).
Within the T-DNA of Bin 19 there is a single
Sac II restriction site; it lies close to the right
border in the nopaline synthase (nos) promoter
that drives the expression of the plant selectable
marker gene. There is also a second Sac II site
located at an unspecified position in the non-
transferred portion of the plasmid [ 1]. From the
description of the construction of Bin 19 [1], a
double digest using Sac II and a second restric-
tion enzyme cutting only in the multiple cloning
site of the T-DNA should release a fragment of
1750 bp plus two fragments of unknown size.
When Bin 19 was digested with Sac II alone, two
fragments were produced, one of 2650 bp and one
of ca. 8000 bp. When a double digest using Sac
II and Hind III was performed, bands of 2300 bp,
2650 bp and 6000 bp resulted (Fig. 2). Hind III
cuts Bin 19 only once (within the multiple clon-
ing site of the T-DNA) so the band of 2300 bp
must correspond to the fragment internal to the
T-DNA from the multiple cloning site to the nos
promoter. However, it is ca. 550 bp larger than
predicted from the description of its construction
(Fig. 1). This extra 550 bp was also found to be
present in a different stock of Bin 19 plasmid and
in three Bin 19-based constructs that had been
successfully used for plant transformation and
transgene expression.
During the original construction of Bin 19, a
440 bp Hae II fragment from M13mp19 was in-
serted into the T-DNA, replacing a 1.6 kb Agro-
bacterium sequence [1]. This 440 bp sequence
contains the e-complementing region of
fl-galactosidase and the pUC19 multiple cloning
site within it. In order to resolve uncertainties in
the structure of the vector the entire Bin 19
T-DNA was sequenced. Two additional DNA
fragments were indeed found between the right
border and the multiple cloning site. The first of
these, a 440 bp fragment, is located between the
nos polyadenylation signal and the
fl-galactosidase gene. This extra DNA (fragment
A in Fig. 1) was found to correspond entirely to
a 440 bp fragment of Ml3mpl9, extending from
positions 2269 to 2709 of the phage (the 440 bp
fl-galactosidase fragment lies between coordi-
nates 6005 and 6282). It seems probable that this
440bp M13mpl9 fragment was inadvertently
cloned into Bin 19 at the same time as the 440 bp
fl-galactosidase M13mp19 fragment, and was
overlooked in subsequent analysis (though how
such a fragment could be generated from a simple
Hae II digest is unclear). The second fragment
(fragment B in Fig. 1), of 200 bp, is located be-
tween the 3' end of the neomycin phosphotrans-
ferase II (NPTII) transcribed sequence and the
nos polyadenylation signal. The sequence matches
a portion of the coding sequence of the ornithine