44 44 44 44 44 Modern Biotechniques and Biotechnology 3 Page 44-70 Modern Biotechniques and Biotechnology Edited by: Prof. (Mrs.) Neelima Gupta and Dr. D.K. Gupta Edition: 2015 ISBN: 978-93-5056-749-4 Published by: Discovery Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi (India) Molecular Characterization and Phylogeny of Senga gangesii (Gairola and Malhotra, 1986a) with Mit coi and 18S rRNA and SEM Illustrations to uphold Validity of Indian Bothriocelhalidean Tapeworms from River Ganges at Allahabad Anshu Malhotra 1 ; Neeshma Jaiswal 2 ; Sushil K. Upadhyay 2 ; and Sandeep K. Malhotra 2 Department of Pediatric Oncology, Emory Children’s Centre, Emory University, 2015, Upper Gaste Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA 1 Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad - 211002, U.P., India 2 . Email: sandyversity@gmail.com ABSTRACT Molecular characterization and validation of Senga gangesii published by Gairola and Malhotra (1986a) by DNA barcode structure of the bothriocephalidean tapeworm comprising information on mit coi and 18S rRNA have been undertaken further to elaborate morphological analysis on SEM illustrations from fresh collections in the sub-humid region. The freshly collected worms possessed 50-56 rostellar hooks in two semi-circles on the rostellum of 80-97mm sized tapeworms. The details of phylogenetic analysis of bothriocephalidean tapeworms under study are presented. The appropriate alignment of gene sequence (GenBank Accession No. AY340110) of Polyonchobothrium sp., VH-2003 with GQ265685 warranted the former to be the junior synonym of S. yamunica. The eggs (GenBank Accession No. HM439384 for mit coi and HM367066 for ssrRNA) of Diphyllobothrium from human stools were re- identified as Bothriocephalus acheilognathi by Yera et al. (2013), but are proposed as species inquirenda on account of their misidentification due to non-alignment with one B. acheilognathi (GenBank Accession No. HM439384 with GQ221332 for mit coi) and with other sequences (GenBank Accession No. HM367066 with GU979860 and AY340106 for ssrRNA), but appropriate alignment with S. yamunica Gairola and Malhotra, 1986 (mit coi sequence – FJ172984). The validity of species