Nuclear Spin Relaxation and Water Self-diffusion in Hardening
Magnesium Oxychloride Cement
Nikolaus Nestlea,c, Petrik Galvosas3, Christian Zimmermannb, Marwan Dakkourib, and
Jörg Kärger3
a Universität Leipzig, Abteilung Grenzflächenphysik, Linnestraße 5, D-04103 Leipzig
b Universität Ulm, Abteilung Elektrochemie, D-89069 Ulm
c present adress: Technische Universität München, Institut für Wasserchemie, Marchioninistraße
17, D-81377 München
Reprint requests to Dr. N. N.; Fax: 089 7095 7999, e-mail: nikolaus.nestle@physik.uni-leipzig.de
Z. Naturforsch. 56 a, 561-564 (2001); received May 18, 2001
In this contribution, we report the results of NMR studies of the behaviour of water in a
hydrating Sorel cement paste with a composition close to the stoichiometric optimum. Both
the transverse spin-relaxation behaviour and water self-diffusion were studied in two separate
experiments performed on samples on the basis of the same formulation. While there is a very
strong initial decrease in the transverse relaxation time of the water in the paste, the diffusion
coefficient is found to decrease mainly at later times of the hydration process where the decrease of
the transverse relaxation time has already strongly slowed down. After about 6 h of the hardening
process, the signal intensity available for a pulsed gradient diffusometry experiment is not sufficient
any more for reliable measurements of the diffusion coefficients.
Key words: Oxychloride Cement; Diffusion; Magnetic Resonance.
Magnesium oxychloride cements (first described
by Sorel [1]) are primarily used as a jointless floor
ing material. They are also used in certain plaster
and stucco applications and as binder for the produc
tion of light-weight construction plates from coarse
wood chips. Mg oxychloride cement is also discussed
as a possible material for preventing mining dam
ages from old salt mines and for sealing hazardous
waste dumps in such old mines [2]. Compared to
other binder systems, such as portland cement and
gypsum, magnesium oxychloride cement provides a
higher mechanical strength [3].
Oxychloride cements are typically prepared from
MgO powder and a highly concentrated solution of
MgCl2. In contrast to classical cement materials, the
pH values for such pastes are typically in the acidic
range. For practical application of oxychloride ce
ments one is usually interested in a composition close
to a molar ratio of (5:1:13) of (MgO : MgCl 2 : wa
ter) [4]. Oxychloride hydrate phases of this compo
sition are also important in the formation of early
strength of the hardening mixtures.
Water transport processes play a crucial role in
the hardening of the oxychloride cements, and also
in the later carbonatization and corrosion processes.
NMR relaxometry and diffusometry offer a destruc
tion-free approach for studying the dynamics of the
fluid pore water in hydrating construction materials
such as ordinary cements [5, 6], slag cements [7, 8]
and gypsum [9]. Here, we report the application of
these techniques to magnesium oxychloride cements.
Materials and Methods
Magnesium oxychloride cement samples were pre
pared from food grade “heavy” magnesium oxide
powder obtained from Merck, Darmstadt, and from a
5 M watery solution of magnesium chloride hexahy-
drate (analytical grade, also from Merck, Darmstadt).
Pastes were mixed from 5 g MgO and 5 ml of the
MgCl 2 solution by means of mechanical stirring with
a plastics (PVC) rod in small rectangular polypropy
lene containers. For the experiments, the samples
were filled either in plastics sample tubes produced
from disposable 3 ml polypropylene syringes with
a Luer-Lock connector (Becton-Dickinson, Meylan,
France) for the relaxometry studies or in small seg
ments of 5 mm diameter glass tubes of about 1.5 cm
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