~ 37 ~ The Pharma Innovation Journal 2017; 6(3): 37-39 ISSN: 2277- 7695 TPI 2017; 6(3): 37-39 © 2017 TPI www.thepharmajournal.com Received: 08-01-2017 Accepted: 09-02-2017 Shaul Ahmed R Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh- 362001, Gujarat, India Punit R Bhatt Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh- 362001 Gujarat, India Chirag M Modi Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh- 362001, Gujarat, India Vipul B Chauhan Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh- 362001, Gujarat, India Kajal B Pandya Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh- 362001, Gujarat, India Urvesh D Patel Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh- 362001 Gujarat, India Harshad B Patel Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh- 362001, Gujarat, India Correspondence Urvesh D Patel Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh- 362001, Gujarat, India In-vitro anti-diabetic activity of different proportions of various extracts from Glycyrrhiza glabra and Tinospora cordifolia Shaul Ahmed R, Punit R Bhatt, Chirag M Modi, Vipul B Chauhan, Kajal B Pandya, Urvesh D Patel and Harshad B Patel Abstract Glycyrrhiza glabra and Tinospora cordifolia are traditional medicinal plants which possess anti- spasmodic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancerous, and antioxidant properties. The present study was carried out to evaluate an in-vitro anti-diabetic activity of different extracts of G. glabra root and T. cordifolia stem in proportions of 1:2 and 2:1 by α-amylase inhibition method. Chloroform, methanol and water extracts of both plants were prepared by soxhlet apparatus. Various concentrations from 10 to 100 µg/mL were used to determine the activity. Acarbose was used as standard test substance. Water extracts in 1:2 and 2:1 ratio inhibits α-amylase significantly (p<0.05) with 53.69±2.14 and 52.89±1.40 percent, respectively. In case of methanolic extract, 2:1 ratio of both plants inhibits 53.95±0.66 percent (p<0.05), whereas 1:2 ratio of same extract by 48.12±1.40 percent. Chloroform extracts didn’t show any inhibition against α-amylase. Presence of triterpenoid in the methanol and water extracts of both plants might be responsible for antidiabetic activity. Keywords: Diabetes, herbal medicine, phytochemistry, in-vitro, α-amylase inhibition. Abbreviations: GTC- G. glabra and T. cordifolia Chloroform extracts; GTM- G. glabra and T. cordifolia Methanol extracts; GTW- G. glabra and T. cordifolia Water extracts; DMSO- Dimethyl sulphoxide. 1. Introduction Diabetes is considered as a collective metabolic disorder affecting different organs in the body. The glucose utilisation of the body is severely affected because of improper insulin secretion from β-cell of the pancreas [1] . Not only pancreas but other major organs like kidney and liver are also damaged due to a diabetic condition. The increase in the glycogen catabolism results in low hepatic glycogen level and ultimately hepatic damage. Such condition may result in elevation of liver marker enzymes like transaminase and phosphatase [2] . Pet animals particularly dog and cat are also prone to diabetes mellitus due to obesity and inability to produce insulin [3] . The α-amylase is a key enzyme for the metabolism of starch which converts into maltose, maltotriose, various α-(1-6) and oligo glucans. This reaction ultimately yields glucose. Over activity of the α-amylase raises blood glucose level and finally hyperglycemia [4] . Traditional ethnobotanical and ethnoveterinary practices cover various medicinal plants used in the treatment of diabetes around the world [5] . Herbal remedies are described for the diabetic condition in the dog and cat. Various medicinal plants like Garlic, Aloe vera and fenugreek, Dandelion leaf, alfalfa, and calendula are commonly used in the diabetic veterinary patients [6] . Tinospora cordifolia ((Willd.) Miers. is belonging to Menispermaceae family is distributed throughout tropical Indian subcontinent and China. It’s widely used shrub in folk and Ayurveda. It is reported that T. cordifolia has anti-spasmodic, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-diabetic, and antioxidant properties. T. cordifolia is commonly used in traditional medicine as an anti-diabetic plant. The plant is rich in alkaloids like sesquiterpene and diterpenoid, etc [7] . Glycyrrhiza glabra (Linn.) is another medicinal plant which has been used by human beings for at least 4000 years. Its root has demulcent, antacid, anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory, expectorant, diuretic, laxative and sedative properties [8] . G. glabra contains two major phytochemicals; glycyrrhizin and its aglycone, 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid. These two chemicals exhibited extensive pharmacological activities including anti-diabetic action. Apart from these,