The Determinants of the Technical Efficiency of Secondary Schools in Malaysia: Panel Evidence Etikonomi Volume 20 (1), 2021: 169 - 184 P-ISSN: 1412-8969; E-ISSN: 2461-0771 Rozita Baba 1* , Zulkefly Abdul Karim 2 , Mariani Abdul-Majid 3 , Noorasiah Sulaiman 4 1 University College of Islam Melaka, Malaysia 2,3,4 National University of Malaysia, Malaysia E-mail: 1 rozita@kuim.edu.my, 2 zak1972@ukm.edu.my, 3 mariani@ukm.edu.my, 4 rasiahs@ukm.edu.my *) Corresponding Author How to Cite: Baba, R., Karim, Z. A., Majid, M. A., & Sulaiman, N. (2021). The Determinants of The Technical Efficiency of Secondary Schools in Malaysia: Panel Evidence. Etikonomi, 20(1), 169 – 184. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v20i1.17204. Abstract is study aims to identify the level of technical efficiency of secondary schools and its determinants using the data of 626 Malaysian secondary schools over 2010-2014. Two estimation techniques have been used; the first step is to estimate the school’s efficiency score by employing a Data Envelopment Analysis approach. In the second step, we examine the factors affecting the schools’ efficiency using a static panel data analysis. e main findings revealed that secondary education is technically inefficient, and on average, the schools can increase their output by 33% using the same resources. Secondary schools in rural areas and less-developed states indicate a better technical efficiency level than schools in urban areas and developed states. Factors that affect technical efficiency are school size, per capita income, and average wage. e findings suggest that the school may perform better by increasing the schools’ size by having more classes. e opportunities to increase residents’ and households’ income may help the areas perform better than others. Keywords: technical efficiency, efficiency determinants, secondary school, data envelopment analysis, static panel data JEL Classification: H5 H75 Received: 02 September 2020 Revised: 02 November 2020 Accepted: 11 November 2020