81 BULGARIANS AND GREEKS BETWEEN FEDERALISM AND NATIONALISM ... ÉTUDES BALKANIQUES, XLVI, 2010, No 1-2 Yura KONSTANTINOVA Institute of Balkan Studies, Sofia BULGARIANS AND GREEKS BETWEEN FEDERALISM AND NATIONALISM IN THE FIRST DECADE OF THE 20 th CEN- TURY. THE ALTERNATIVE VISIONS WITHIN THE BULGAR- IAN AND GREEK NATIONAL MOVEMENTS. DIMO HADJIDIMOV AND ION DRAGOUMIS IN COMPARISON 1 During the first decade of the 20 th century, Balkan societies expe- rienced dynamic changes. The process of economic modernization in the region was closely related to the various ideological influences stemming from Western Europe. These included nationalism, the socialist ideology as well as the ideas of liberalism and anarchism. The local proponents of these ideologies usually adapted them to the Balkan realities to respond to the specific needs of the societies they represent. In the beginning of the 20 th century, the political and ideological processes in the Balkans were still marked by the unresolved national conflicts. Irrespectively of their ideological preferences, the representatives of the Balkan elites were di- rectly involved in the national conflicts in the region and needed to define 1 This text was presented at the International Colloquium Rival Pursuits, Common Experiences: Social Transformation and Mass Mobilization in the Balkan & Eastern Medi- terranean Cities (1900-1923), organized by Institute for Mediterranean Studies/FORTH & Dept. of History & Archeology University of Crete, Rethymno in Crete on 22-24 October 2009.