Opinion
Volume 5 - Issue 4 - October 2019
DOI: 10.19080/CTFTTE.2019.05.555667
Curr Trends Fashion Technol Textile Eng
Copyright © All rights are reserved by Massimo Canevacci
Syncretisms
Massimo Canevacci*
Department of Native Cultures and digital arts, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
Submission: October 01, 2019; Published: October 29, 2019
*Corresponding author: Massimo Canevacci, Department of Native Cultures and digital arts, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
Curr Trends Fashion Technol Textile Eng 5(4): CTFTTE.MS.ID.555667 (2019) 0099
Opinion
My anthropology assumes syncretism as a key word for
understanding the transformation in the relationship between
cultures and ethnography. Within the conflictual processes of
globalisation and localisation, syncretism involves, disturbs,
and overwhelms the traditional ways of producing ubiquitous
culture, fetish consumption, and digital communication. The
term ‘syncretism’ not only helps with the comprehension of
a context of accelerated and confused transformations, but
also addresses growing communicative disorders alongside a
creative, decentralised, and open movement of the term. The
paradox of being an instable word inhabits syncretism, due to
its continuous change of meanings. Often, the word syncretism
is embellished with elegant or more conflicting synonyms, such
as pastiche, patchwork, marronisation, hybridism, blending,
mulattism, and acculturation: all related to the ambiguous game
played by so-called cross-cultural contamination. As part of this
game´s excessive inconsistency, vulgarity and indigenisation,
all the clichés of the trio aesthetic-ethic-ethnic are broken and
stirred up, as are everyday’s behaviours and lifestyles. Ultimately,
through digital mixing, syncretism invests, dissolves, and
reshapes the relationship between strange and familiar levels;
and the liaisons among elite, mass, and avant-garde cultures.
Syncretisms are dislocating worldwide scenarios and trying
to relegate the obscure clarity of binary oppositions into a boring
and excessively simplified past. The anguish of homologation so
long battled by the political left (or not) and now wearily stressed
by a certain right wing (and some residues of the traditional left)
can be now relegated to the vault of forgotten ideas. Now the
word syncretism, after its philosophical and religious use, both
in the superficial and derogatory sense, may be re-invented
by anthropology, challenging any mutations as a restless
experimentation in the name of xenophile communication.
Syncretism is an ethnographically reshaped concept that spans
the arts, despite (or simply due to) its inability to self-regulate
or to be regulated. Syncretism is ready to launch itself as an
applied ethnographic project for exact political imagination
and expanded arts: as a mixture of codes that recombine ethnic
and cultural differences, apparently considered as incongruous
assets. Let me now clarify some specific methodological criteria.
What was considered during the 1920s and 1930s in France
as an extraordinary meeting point between surrealism and
ethnography now appears as a possible crossroads, regarding
innovative research, distorted experimentation and ubiquitous
critique.
Even earlier, in 1907, Pablo Picasso, who (like Modigliani,
Braque, and others) was able to see African masks in several
marché aux puces (‘flea markets’) painted Les Demoiselles
d’Avignon and shaped an inventive syncretic art movement,
cubism. Faces and bodies inspired by Africans were displayed
next to European faces and bodies, bringing to the world another
perspective, a multi-faceted one. This mix did not seem like any
final synthesis of eugenics standards, but rather, the display of
explosive traits opposed to each other in the very same frame.
The change was radical for the European arts and will have an
increasing influence in non-European contexts. In the 1980s,
even the nascent cyberpunk movement showed syncretic
traces of voodoo and cyberspace codes in William Gibson’s
Neuromancer, a novel about ethno-cyber navigation within
cyber-punk counterculture. Recently, David Cronenberg, another
Canadian, has attempted to connect his fetish movies with erotic
literature, digital anthropophagy, and out-of-body existence with
his first novel, Consumed:
So many women have cancer now. Do you think a new
aesthetic can develop? Cancer beauty? I mean, if there could
be heroin chic, the aesthetic of death-wishing drug addict? Will
non-cancerous women be begging this cosmetic surgeon to
give them fake node implants under their chins and around
their necks? Under their arms? In their groins? So sexy, that
fullness. And it works so well as an anti-aging technique, to fill
out that sagging turkey neck. Who wouldn’t want it? And the
jewellery, the titanium pellets piercing those tits [1].
As we have already seen, anthropophagy was an avant-garde
movement in the Brazilian cultural- political urban context.
Perhaps now it will be possible to outline a new literary
genre: cyberphagy-A cyber-anthropophagy through which the
author liberates his compulsion to devour his lover or himself.
The interlacing between syncretism and fetishism is my basic
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