Solar Cells, 27 (1989) 357 - 362 357
ELECTRON TRAPPING AND PARAMAGNETIC DEFECT DENSITY
MEASUREMENTS IN HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS SILICON
S. P. HOTALING, HOMER ANTONIADIS and E. A. SCHIFF
Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-1130 (U.S.A.)
Summary
Electron deep-trapping mobility-lifetime (/~r)products were measured
in a series of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) specimens using the
transient photocurrent charge-collection technique. A logarithmic depen-
dence of the resulting /~r estimate upon the collection time was observed.
The correlation of/~r with independent electron spin resonance spectroscopy
determinations of the D o defect density AT, was studied. The data are roughly
distributed as /~r ~ N, -~ for specimens prepared from pure silane at varying
deposition temperatures. The correlation supports the proposal of Street
that the predominant deep trap for electrons is the D o defect.
I. Introduction
An understanding of photocarrier processes is essential for the develop-
ment of adequate models for the performance of a solar cell or indeed of any
photoelectronic device. For hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) a com-
plete understanding has not yet been achieved. Immediately after photo-
generation it is generally accepted that both electron and hole evolution may
be described by bandtail multiple-trapping, which involves capture of photo-
carriers by localized bandtail states and subsequent thermal emission to a
transport edge [1]. At later times there is relatively little agreement among
researchers, but one remarkably simple conclusion was reached by Street
[2], who proposed that both electrons and holes are deep-trapped predom-
inantly onto the D O defect observed by electron spin resonance (ESR)
spectroscopy. This model is extremely important, as a great deal is known
about deep levels in a-Si:H from a variety of optical [3] and space-charge
spectroscopies [4]. In this paper, first, the charge-collection experiment
which led Street to his conclusion is described. A critical discussion is then
presented of the experimental evidence for deep-trapping of electrons by the
D o defect, including experimental results which address ambiguities in the
earlier charge-collection experiment and which extend the range of Street's
experiment. It is concluded that these refinements do not significantly alter
Street's conclusion: the D O defect is the dominant electron trap at inter-
mediate times.
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