Jordan Journal of Civil Engineering, Volume 4, No. 3, 2010
- 222 -
Decontamination of Cu
2+
- Tainted Water through Biosorption onto
Palm Tree Leaf Particles
Naser Hamdi
1)
, Fahmi A. Abu Al-Rub
2)
, Munther Kandah
2)
, Hussein Allaboun
2)
and Julie Hamdi
3)
1)
Biomedical Engineering Department, Jordan University of Science & Technology,
P.O. Box 3030, Irbid-Jordan
2)
Chemical Engineering Department, Jordan University of Science & Technology,
P.O. Box 3030, Irbid-Jordan
3)
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering Department, German-Jordanian University,
P.O. Box 35247, Amman, Jordan
ABSTRACT
In this study, the potential use of Palm Tree Leaf (PTL) particles for the removal of copper ions from aqueous
solution was investigated. The effects of shaking time, Cu
2+
concentration and equilibrium pH on the
biosorption of copper ions from aqueous solution were studied. Batch biosorption experiments proved the
technical feasibility of using PTL particles to remove copper ions from aqueous solutions, where Cu
2+
uptake
of 17.6 mg/g was observed. The biosorption of copper on PTL particles was pH dependent and maximum
copper sorption was found to occur at an equilibrium pH of 5.5. The equilibrium sorption data of copper on
PTL particles was described by 2 two-parameter isotherm models: the Freundlich and the Langmuir models,
as well as by the three-parameter Redlich-Peterson model. While all three models proved a good fit for the
equilibrium sorption data, CFEF non-linear regression analysis indicated that the Redlich-Peterson model
resulted in the best fit. Dynamic studies revealed that the initial uptake of copper on PTL particles was rapid,
where equilibrium was established within 15 minutes and that the data followed the pseudo second-order
reaction.
KEYWORDS: Biosorption, Copper, Palm tree leaves, Isotherms.
INTRODUCTION
Human industrial activity has intensified
environmental pollution through the introduction of
synthetic compounds and substantially increasing the
concentration of major metal ions in aquatic streams and
aquifers to toxic levels. Manufacturers of batteries,
fertilizers, tanneries and mining industries and the
excessive use of pesticides have all contributed to the
increase of heavy metal ion concentration at a rate that
far exceeds the ability of nature to remove and
neutralize them. This, in turn, damages both human
health and the environment as toxic metal ions such as
copper, chromium, iron, nickel, cadmium, mercury and
lead can bioaccumulate, thus amplifying their toxic
effects over time (Davies, 1983; Galaris and Evangelou,
2002; Stohs and Bagchi, 1995).
As public awareness to the hazards posed by heavy
metals in the environment has increased, so has the need
and search for cost effective means for the removal of
these elements. The removal of metal ions from aqueous
solutions may be accomplished through applying a
variety of techniques (Gonzalez-Munoz et al., 2006;
Panayotova et al., 2007). Conventionally, these have
Accepted for Publication on 15/7/2010.
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