Open Access ISSN: 2168-9768
Irrigation and Drainage
Systems Engineering
Research Article
Volume 10:6, 2021
Performance Evaluation of Organizational Arrangement in
Irrigation Water Management at Serenta Irrigation Scheme,
Northern Ethiopia
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of organizational arrangement for irrigation water management in Serenta irrigation scheme. The different
indicators considered were Water Users Association (WUA) structure, water allocation and distribution systems, water distribution fairness status, conflict management
mechanisms in water use, canals cleaning and maintenance performance and organizational support service on irrigation water management. To evaluate the
performance of organizational arrangement of the irrigation water management practices, questionnaire survey data collection method was used. The data generated
through the household survey were analyzed using SPSS software. Eighty nine per cent of the respondents responded that the organizational performance of the
current water users association in the irrigation scheme was poor. This attributed for unfair water distribution system and conflict on water use. To distribute the water
fairly among users and to minimize the water loss, water users association should be strengthened and training on irrigation water management need to be arranged for
the farmers. This implies that, presence of strong water users association in particular and presence of well organizational arrangement in irrigation water management
is corner stone to build an effective irrigation development.
Keywords: Organizational arrangement • Performance • Water management • Water users association
Gebre Gidey Weldeabzgi*
Department of Natural Resource Management, Dambi Dollo University, Ethiopia
*Address for Correspondence: Gebre Gidey Weldeabzgi, Department of Natural
Resource Management, Dambi Dollo University, Ethiopia, E-mail: gebregidey09@
gmail.com
Copyright: © 2021 Gebre Gidey Weldeabzgi. This is an open-access article
distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided
the original author and source are credited.
Received 14 June 2021; Accepted 28 July 2021; Published 3 August 2021
Introduction
Irrigation Water Management is defined as management of irrigation water on
farm with the objectives of delivering water in the right amount, at the right
place, and at the right moment, in a way that will satisfy the water requirement
of the crop [1]. Inadequate management of available water for irrigation at
system level has led to a range of problems and has reduced the benefits
of irrigation investments [2]. Irrigation systems cannot match their intended
objectives without appropriate organizations to manage, preserve and control
the system [3]. Building a strong irrigation organization is one of the major
aspects of a successful and sustainable irrigation management [4]. As a result,
the performance evaluation of organizational arrangement of irrigation water
management has got the highest priority in irrigation research among other
researches needed to resolve the problems of irrigation management, and
equity of water distribution between irrigation users [5]. The performance of
organizational arrangement can be simply defined as the level of achievement
of the operating decisions to deliver irrigation water from a water sources to the
crop [6]. The performance evaluation is based on certain qualitative indicators of
descriptions, comparisons and responses from stakeholders, including farmers
and key informants to manage the annual flow of irrigation water from the
main feeding canal, coordinate the sharing of irrigation water among different
farming units, and responsibility for the maintenance and repair of the on-farm
infrastructure [7]. In Ethiopia, although organizations for irrigation management
existed in different forms, they are neither generally well recognized nor
endorsed by the public sector. More emphasis is given to technical aspects and
less emphasis to the managerial and organizational issues. The organizations
for irrigation management generally lacked appropriate regulation and legal
basis to function properly [4]. This study was conducted to evaluate the of
organizational arrangement performance of irrigation water management;
in terms of Water Users Association (WUA) structure, water allocation and
distribution systems, water distribution fairness status, conflict management
mechanisms in water use, canals cleaning and maintenance performance
and organizational support service on irrigation water management at Serenta
irrigation scheme, Northern Ethiopia. Serenta irrigation scheme is one of the
biggest newly constructed dams in Northern Ethiopia. The investment in this
scheme is expected to bring significant impact on livelihoods of many of the
farmers’ as well as the regional economy. To attain this, farmers are supposed
to apply water in equity manner and practice sustainability using well organized
arrangement. But, water losses and unequal water distribution between users
are commonly observed. However, so far, there was no research done on the
performance evaluation of organizational arrangement of the irrigation scheme.
The evaluation of the performance of organizational arrangement performance
of the irrigation scheme is needed in order to put appropriate measures for water
management of the scheme and to enhance farmers’ water use, organizational
arrangement for irrigation water management. It is believed that this study
will help the farmers at the irrigation scheme, researchers; local and regional
decision makers in developing appropriate strategies for enhance water use of
irrigation schemes.
Materials and Methods
Description of the study area
Serenta irrigation scheme is located in Tselemti district, North Western zone of
Tigray regional State, Ethiopia. It lies between latitude of 13°36' 29" - 13° 34'
18" N and 38° 09'45"- 38° 10'44" E longitude. The elevation of the area ranges
from 1315 m (downstream end of the command) to 1388 m (highest point in the
catchment) above sea level (Figure 1).
According to the ten years (2008 – 2017) climatic data from May-tsebri station
(meteorological station nearest to the irrigation scheme), the study area is
mainly hot semi-arid, with mean maximum and minimum temperature equal to
33.3
o
C and 18.4
o
C respectively [8]. The annual average rainfall is 811.81mm
[8]. Serenta dam is earthen embankment type, which has 32.82m height,
814.15m length, two manually controlled gates and 8,435, 983.81m
3
reservoir
volume capacities [9]. The scheme has a total command area of 520 ha with
total beneficiary of 800(420 adults, 231 young and 150 females), out of which
only 382 ha in 2016/17 and 394 ha in 2017/18 were irrigated [8]. Almost all