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International Journal of Research in Agronomy 2024; 7(3): 681-689
E-ISSN: 2618-0618
P-ISSN: 2618-060X
© Agronomy
www.agronomyjournals.com
2024; 7(3): 681-689
Received: 09-01-2024
Accepted: 13-02-2024
Ashok S Dambale
Assistant Professor, Department of
Agronomy, Lovely Professional
University, Phagwara, Punjab,
India
J Goswami
Professor, Department of
Agronomy, Assam Agricultural
University, Jorhat, Assam, India
KK Sharma
Professor, Department of
Agronomy, Assam Agricultural
University, Jorhat, Assam, India
K Kurmi
Professor, Department of
Agronomy, Assam Agricultural
University, Jorhat, Assam, India
KN Das
Professor, Department of Soil
Science, Assam Agricultural
University, Jorhat, Assam, India
R Das
Professor, Department of Crop
Physiology, Assam Agricultural
University, Jorhat, Assam, India
Corresponding Author:
Ashok S Dambale
Assistant Professor, Department of
Agronomy, Lovely Professional
University, Phagwara, Punjab,
India
Qualitative assessment of black rice under an organic
ecosystem of Northeast India
Ashok S Dambale, J Goswami, KK Sharma, K Kurmi, KN Das and R Das
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33545/2618060X.2024.v7.i3i.499
Abstract
An agronomic investigation was carried out at Instructional-cum-Research Farm of Assam Agricultural
University, Jorhat, Assam, during kharif season of 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 to assess the quality
parameters of black rice under organic ecosystem of north east India. The topography of experimental field
was uniform and fairly levelled. The farm is located at 26° 47’N latitude and 94° 12’E longitudes at an
elevation of about 86.6 m above mean sea level. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block
Design (RBD) with three replications. The soil of experimental plot was brownish to yellowish brown
color with fair drainage and sandy loam in texture with acidic in pH, low in available nitrogen,
phosphorous but medium in available potassium. The experimental data recorded during both successive
years revealed that there were no significant results observed in relation to length, breadth, L/B ratio,
Brown rice recovery (%), Milled rice recovery (%) and Head rice recovery (%) of grain of black rice.
However, the results also showed the significant Protein content (7.96 and 7.98%), with application of
RDK through azolla incorporation + mustard oil cake @ 20 kg ha
-1
) (T6). Amylose content (6.48 and
6.68%), and micronutrient content i.e. Cu (0.54 and 0.59 mg/100 g), Mn (3.72 and 3.75 mg/100 g), Fe
(3.42 and 3.57 mg/100 g), and Zn (5.36 and 5.42 mg/100 g). Were found highest with application of RDK
through banana pseudo stem vermicompost + mustard oil cake @ 20 kg ha
-1
) (T8) during 2019-2020 and
2020-2021, respectively.
Keywords: Black rice, bio inputs, micronutrients, quality studies, milling quality
1. Introduction
More over half of the world's population consumes rice (Oryza sativa L.) as a staple food. With
a yield of 117.47 million tons, it is grown across 43.86 million hectares in India (DAC&FW,
2019-20). It has a big impact on the economy of the country. There are various varieties of rice,
distinguished by the size, texture, aroma, maturity period, growth conditions, and color
(polished, black, red, purple, and brown). The kinds of colored rice are said to have many health
advantages. The violet or dark purple hue of black rice (Oryza sativa L. indica) is due to the
very high levels of anthocyanin pigments in the aleurone layer compared to white and red rice
(Hou et al., 2013)
[43]
. Black rice, often referred to as "Chakhao" in local dialect and meaning
"delicious rice," is mostly grown by Meitei farmers in Manipur. In Manipur, black rice comes in
four landrace varieties: Chakhao amubi, Chakhao angouba, Chakhao poireiton, and Chakhao
pungdol amubi. Black rice has a low-fat level of 0.07%, a high protein content of 8.16%, and
antioxidant activity that is nearly six times higher (Thomas et al., 2013)
[44]
when compared to
other types of rice, is naturally cleaner, gluten-free, and has numerous medical benefits (Jha et
al., 2017)
[45]
. Tryptophan, lysine, and other important amino acids are found in black rice, along
with useful lipids, dietary fiber, vitamins B1, B2, and E, folic acid, and phenolic compounds (γ-
oryzanols, tocopherols, and tocotrienols). When cooked, it takes on a little sticky texture and
tastes mildly nutty. It has little calories and is high in macro and micronutrients including iron,
zinc, calcium, phosphorus, and selenium. When compared to other rice varieties growing in
northeast India, black rice has a higher protein and nutritional content. Before cooking, it is
frequently used with white rice to improve flavor, quality, and palatability. Its higher fiber
content makes it harder to digest, requires longer cooking times than white rice, and gives you a
rubbery feeling when you chew it.