~ 79 ~ ISSN Print: 2394-7500 ISSN Online: 2394-5869 Impact Factor (RJIF): 8.4 IJAR 2024; 10(4): 79-85 www.allresearchjournal.com Received: 02-01-2024 Accepted: 03-02-2024 Dr. Sunita Tarai ICSSR Doctoral Fellow, New Delhi, India Corresponding Author: Dr. Sunita Tarai ICSSR Doctoral Fellow, New Delhi, India National security and migration: A human security centric analysis Dr. Sunita Tarai DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.22271/allresearch.2024.v10.i4b.11655 Abstract The International Organization for Migration (IOM) defines international migration as the movement of persons who leave their country of origin or country of habitual residence to permanently or temporarily to another country (IOM, 2005). Since the emergence of the Westphalian state, migration from one country to another has been primarily governed by sovereign decisions. War, civil war, and conflict; globalisation of economies, values, and aspirations; changing technologies and modes of communication; shifting demographics; increased longevity; increased education levels; urbanisation; and climate change are examples of such factors (Hofmann, Jolivel, Huss, & Ambiaux, 2020). As a result, one of the primary ways in which sovereign nation-states have dealt with irregular migration has been through border enforcement mechanisms. Irregular migration is viewed as an attack on state sovereignty, demanding the state’s ability to exercise control over its spatial and territorial domain i nto question. Many states have spent vast sums on border security in recent years, including the deployment of immigration officers and border guards, the construction of barriers and border fences, the interdiction of migrants in transit, and resorting to large-scale removals and detention to regulate the inflow of migrants. Security can be classified into two categories like, human or state-centric. This paper is concerned with the human-centric security aspects. By looking at how cross-border migration flows affect national interests, this paper provides a framework for thinking about the relationship between migration and national security. Keywords: National Security, human security, migration, globalisation, international organisations Introduction Modern notions of national security emerged during the period of Thirty Years War in Europe and the English Civil War in the 17 th century. The Peace of Westphalia in 1648 established the notion that the nation-state had sovereign control over the internal affairs like religion and external security. The concept of security is directly connected with the national interest. The entire structure of the state was created by the individual’s desire to defend themselves against attacks from different fronts. Every government works to ensure the safety of the state by securing more national power. When a state only considers its own interests at the expense of another state’s security, a problem arises. On the other hand, the necessity that nations have been imposed by nature and many other factors, particularly globalisation, has led to the development of global security. State cooperation is required because these are demands that no national security apparatus can handle on its own. Since the end of the cold war, the world has become increasingly interconnected and interdependent among governments, necessitating increased cooperation and collaboration among them. Different mechanisms, like the balance of power and the principle of collective security sanctioned in the UN charter, were evolved to prevent the outbreak of war or a conflicting situation. The term national security is frequently conflated with safeguarding national boundaries in the public discourses of India. In this sense, it was a part of the campaign rhetoric during the most recent general elections. However, the establishment of national security has developed a more comprehensive approach to national security and established structures to address it in all its facets, particularly following the nuclear tests of 1998 and the Kargil War in 1999. The term “Security” has undergone a conceptual shift as a result of globalisation, defining the areas that fall under the purview of National and Internal Security. After World War II, the majority of the idea came from the United States. International Journal of Applied Research 2024; 10(4): 79-85