DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2014/3328 ORIGINAL ARTICLE J of Evolution of Med and Dent Sci/ eISSN- 2278-4802, pISSN- 2278-4748/ Vol. 3/ Issue 40/ Sept 01, 2014 Page 10215 CORRELATION OF ALTERED LIPID PROFILE TO THE RELATIVE DERANGEMENT OF THE TWO CONTRASTING VASCULAR BIOMARKERS IN APPARENTLY HEALTHY NON-OBESE AND OVERWEIGHT/OBESE SUBJECTS Preeti Kanawjia 1 , Manish Bajpai 2 , Sunita Tiwari 3 HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Preeti Kanawjia, Manish Bajpai, Sunita Tiwari. “Correlation of Altered Lipid Profile to the Relative Derangement of the two Contrasting Vascular Biomarkers in Apparently Healthy Non-Obese and Overweight/Obese Subjects”. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 2014; Vol. 3, Issue 40, September 01; Page: 10215-10223, DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2014/3328 ABSTRACT: With progressive vascular dysfunction, the endothelial cells mediate increased vessel tone by the synthesis and release of the vasoconstrictor substances primarily endothelin and endothelium-derived constricting factor(s), and by reduced elaboration of vasodilator products primarily nitric oxide. With this background, our study sought correlation of altered lipid profile; a cause of progressive vascular dysfunction, to the relative derangement of the two contrasting vascular biomarkers with respect to anthropometry in apparently healthy individuals. This was a case-control pilot study comprising of 30 overweight/obese healthy subjects (BMI >= 25 kg/m 2 and/or WHR (female>0.85; male>1) and 30 non-obese healthy subjects (BMI< 25 kg/m 2 and/or WHR (female<0.85; male<1) excluding all subjects with secondary cause of abnormal blood flow. Reactive hyperemia (RH) for indirect evaluation of nitric oxide levels was measured by impedance plethysmography (NICOMON, Larsen & Toubro) in the subject’s forearm along with fasting plasma glucose, serum lipids and serum endothelin-1. A significant difference in blood flow index (BFI) at 1 min post-occlusion time (mean ± % SD) {control 1.81 ± 0.42 vs. study 1.60 ± 0.38} (P=0.041) was detected but RH, plasma glucose, lipid profile and serum endothelin were comparable in both the groups with lipid profile derangement present in either group, though not significant. So the two groups were clubbed to seek further association. Out of the two contrasting biomarkers, endothelin-1 and nitric oxide, only latter was significantly altered (raised) in subjects with deranged serum VLDL (P=0.026) and serum triglyceride (P=0.044). Therefore we concluded that altered lipid profile irrespective of measured anthropometric variables, affects the release of nitric oxide and it’s like, before any detectable change in serum endothelin-1 levels. This in turn suggested the use of the former to predict the ‘subclinical prelude’ to ‘manifest’ metabolic disorder in such apparently healthy subjects and thus ensuring timely premorbid level care. KEYWORDS: Endothelin-1, reactive hyperemia, nitric oxide, impedance plethysmography. INTRODUCTION: The endothelial cell serves several functions in the vascular milieu, one of the most important of which is the regulation of vascular tone. Poised to respond to physical and molecular factors in the vasculature, the endothelium modulates the vascular smooth muscle contractile state and, as a result is a critical determinant of vasomotion and consequently blood flow. Under normal conditions, the endothelium maintains comparatively low basal vascular tone by the production and release of factors that relax vascular smooth muscle, including prostacyclin, endothelium-derived relaxing factor, and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor. With progressive dysfunction or injury, the endothelial cell supports increased vessel tone by the synthesis