Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2021, 11, 315-325
https://www.scirp.org/journal/ojog
ISSN Online: 2160-8806
ISSN Print: 2160-8792
DOI: 10.4236/ojog.2021.113032 Mar. 29, 2021 315 Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Maternal Mortality at the Teaching Hospital of
Mother and Child Lagoon (CHU-MEL) in Benin:
A Preventable Drama?
M. Aboubakar
1*
, J. Akodjenou
1
, C. Echoudina
2
, E. Ahounou
2
, C. O. A. Biaou
3
, E. Zoumenou
2
1
Teaching Hospital of Mother and Child Lagoon, Cotonou, Bénin
2
National and Teaching Hospital, Hubert Koutoukou Maga, Cotonou, Bénin
3
Régional Institute of Public Health, Ouidah, Benin
Abstract
Introduction: The maternal mortality ratio in developing countries is 239/
100,000 live births (LV) in 2015, compared to 12/100,000 live births (LV) in
developed countries. This study aims to analyze the avoidability of maternal
deaths at the CHU-MEL from 2015 to 2019. Patients and Method: This was
a descriptive analytical study with retrospective data collection from January
1st 2015 to August 31st 2019, i.e. 56 months. The data were collected from
medical records, maternal death registers, anaesthesia registers. They were
entered and analyzed using Epi info version 7 software. The associations be-
tween avoidability of death and aetiologies were tested using Chi
2
or Fisher’s
test as appropriate. The threshold for statistical significance was 5%. Results:
The maternal mortality ratio over 5 years was 905 maternal deaths per 100,000
LV. The age of the deceased women ranged from 15 to 44 years, with an av-
erage of 29.09 ± 7.04 years. They were illiterate or primary educated (47.02%),
married (64.50%) primigravida or paucigravidae (47.02%) and primiparous
or pauciparous (59.52%). Of the 151 maternal deaths, (90.73%) were deemed
preventable. Delay was the main reason for maternal death, and 82.11% had
at least one type of delay. There was no significant difference between the
avoidability of death and the main aetiologies of haemorrhage (p = 0.865),
infections (p = 0.208) and hypertensive complications (p = 0.438). Conclu-
sion: The maternal mortality ratio during the study period was 905 maternal
deaths per 100,000 LV. Deaths were preventable in 90.73% of cases. The avoi-
dability factors found were varied.
Keywords
Maternal Mortality, Avoidability, CHU-MEL, Benin
How to cite this paper: Aboubakar, M.,
Akodjenou, J., Echoudina, C., Ahounou, E.,
Biaou, C.O.A. and Zoumenou, E. (2021)
Maternal Mortality at the Teaching Hospit-
al of Mother and Child Lagoon (CHU-
MEL) in Benin: A Preventable Drama? Open
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 11,
315-325.
https://doi.org/10.4236/ojog.2021.113032
Received: January 27, 2021
Accepted: March 26, 2021
Published: March 29, 2021
Copyright © 2021 by author(s) and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Open Access