ABSTRACT Moringa oleifera Lam. or munga is one of the most important plants widely cultivated in India. It belongs to family Moringaceae. It is a popular Indian medicinal plant, has long been used commonly in Ayurvedic system of medicine. M. oleifera is rich in various active phyto-constituents (tannins, sterols, terpenoids, favonoids, saponins, anthraquinones, alkaloids, and vitamins) in addition to diferent minerals in its leaves and seeds. The plant has been found to exhibit diverse number of pharmacological activities such as analgesic, anti-infammatory, antipyretic, anticancer, antioxidant, nootropic, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective, anti-ulcer, cardiovascular, anti-obesity, antiepileptic, anti-asthmatic, antidiabetic, anti-urolithiatic, diuretic, local anaesthetic, anti-allergic, anthelmintic, wound healing, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and antidiarrheal properties. The present paper gives an account of updated information on its phytochemical and pharmacological activities. So, the aim of the present review is to provide comprehensive information from recognized sources on the ethnobotany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological efcacy and of the medicinal plant, M. oleifera. These reports are very encouraging and indicate that herb should be studied more extensively for its therapeutic benefts. Clinical trials using Moringa for a variety of combinations in diferent formulations should also be conducted. Keywords: Ethnobotany, Moringa oleifera, Moringaceae, Phytochemistry, Phytopharmacology. International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology (2022); DOI: 10.25258/ijddt.12.2.75 How to cite this article: Alam MN, Kaushik R, Hussain MS, Singh L, Khan NA. Scientifc Basis of Ethno-pharmacological Claims of Moringa Oleifera Lam.. International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology. 2022;12(2):878-895. Source of support: Nil. Confict of interest: None Scientifc Basis of Ethno-pharmacological Claims of Moringa Oleifera Lam. Md. Niyaz Alam 1 *, Rahul Kaushik 2 , Md. Sarfaraj Hussain 3 , Lubhan Singh 4 , Najam A. Khan 1 1 Faculty of Pharmacy, IFTM University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India 2 Faculty of Pharmacy, Ram-Eesh Institute of Vocational and Technical Education, Greater Noida, Gautam Budh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India 3 Lord Buddha Koshi Pharmacy College, Saharsa, Bihar, India 4 Kharvel Subharti College of Pharmacy, Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India. Received: 26th February, 2022; Revised: 05th April, 2022; Accepted: 16th May, 2022; Available Online: 25th June, 2022 INTRODUCTION The earliest evidence we have of human beings, using plants for medicines could not be traced out. It is possible that man has been experimenting with nature accidentally and deliberately. Much of the accumulated knowledge of useful plants was to a great degree the knowledge of common people. But when one knows something of the medicinal uses, people have made of thousands of wild plants around us; the plant takes on a new meaning, a new value greater than their beauty, their cooling shade or their pleasant scent. 1,2 Nature has always been a frst-rate drug store, with its enormous range of plants that are known to have efective therapeutic qualities. The profound knowledge of herbal remedies in traditional cultures developed through trial and error over centuries. And most important cures were passed verbally from one generation to the next. 3,4 Medicinal plants and plant derived medicines have been widely used in cultures all over the world and are becoming REVEIW ARTICLE increasingly popular in modern society, as natural alternatives to synthetic chemicals. Well known examples of plant derived medicines include quinine, morphine, codeine, atropine, reserpine and digoxin. 5 It is an undisputed fact that the plants are the biggest laboratories of naturally constituents. Plant drugs began to enjoy an important revival. One reason was that the constituents and active principles of the medicinal plants began to be isolated and identifed. 6-8 Traditional medicines has a very long history, it is the sum total of the practices based on the theories, beliefs and experiences of diferent cultures and time, often inexplicable, used in maintenance of health as like in the prevention, diagnosis, improvement and treatment of illness. 9 People who used traditional remedies may not understand the scientifc rationale behind the remedies, but they seem to know from personal experience that some medicinal plants could be highly efective, if used at the therapeutic doses. Since over the ages, now we have eventually a better *Author for Correspondence: niyazpharma79@gmail.com