CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TRANSACTIONS
VOL. 52, 2016
A publication of
The Italian Association
of Chemical Engineering
Online at www.aidic.it/cet
Guest Editors: Petar Sabev Varbanov, Peng-Yen Liew, Jun-Yow Yong, Jiří Jaromír Klemeš, Hon Loong Lam
Copyright © 2016, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l.,
ISBN 978-88-95608-42-6; ISSN 2283-9216
Selective Hydrogenation of Levulinic Acid to Gamma-
Valerolactone Using Polymer-Based Ru-Containing Catalysts
Igor I. Protsenko, Linda Zh. Nikoshvili*, Valentina G. Matveeva, Esther M. Sulman,
Evgeny Rebrov
Tver Technical University, A.Nikitina str. 22, 170026, Tver, Russia
nlinda@science.tver.ru
This work is devoted to the investigation of the possibility of use of ruthenium-containing catalysts on the basis of
polymeric matrix of hypercrosslinked polystyrene (HPS) in hydrogenation of levulinic acid to gamma-
valerolactone, which is a semi-product for obtaining of liquid fuel components. Catalyst 5 %-Ru/MN100 was
shown to allow carrying out the hydrogenation of levulinic acid in aqueous medium with high yields of gamma-
valerolactone (higher than 99 %) and it can compete with traditional catalyst 5 %-Ru/C. It is noteworthy that
synthesized HPS-based catalyst has high activity, and thus the necessity of addition in reaction mixture of acidic
co-catalysts is absent.
1. Introduction
At present the process of biofuel production on the basis of levulinic acid (LA) causes high interest of many
scientists engaged in these developments. LA is one of the substances, which can be obtained from cellulosic
biomass via acid hydrolysis (Sivasubramaniam and Amin, 2015). LA can serve as a precursor in the synthesis
of gamma-valerolactone (GVL) (Carvalheiro et al., 2008). Furthermore, LA can be transformed to 2-
methyltetrahydrofurane (2-MTHF), which is a fuel additive. It is noteworthy that 2-MTHF is permissible to mix
up to 70 % with gasoline without causing harm to the internal combustion engines, and thus similar mileage is
reached. Although there is a possibility of direct LA transformation to 2-MTHF, improved yields can be
achieved by indirect pathways, which proceed through the production of GVL as an intermediate (Huber and
Corma, 2007). Thus GVL is one of the most widespread lactones, which can be obtained by hydrogenation of
LA (De Souza et al., 2014) (see Figure 1).
Figure 1: Scheme of LA transformation to GVL and 2-MTHF
DOI: 10.3303/CET1652114
Please cite this article as: Protsenko I. I., Nikoshvili L. Zh., Matveeva V. G., Sulman E. M., Rebrov E., 2016, Selective hydrogenation of
levulinic acid to gamma-valerolactone using polymer-based ru-containing catalysts, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 52, 679-684
DOI:10.3303/CET1652114
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