International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) International Conference on Emergent Trends in Computing and Communication (ETCC 2015) 6 Mathematical Modelling of Grid Connected Photovoltaic System using MATLAB/SIMULINK and Hardware Implementation Smitanjali Rout M.Tech Student Department of EEE, CUTM, Jatani ABSTRACT This paper represents the implementation of a PV Model using MATLAB/Simulink software and also its hardware implementation. The PV system can be PV cell, module, and array for most reliable Use on simulation based circuit. The proposed model is designed PV system from the mathematical equations of Photo current and photovoltaic voltage by using user-friendly icon and dialogue box from simulink block Libraries. That makes the mathematical PV model properly simulated and analyzed with power electronics interference and maximum power point Tracking control system. By considering the effect of sunlight irradiance and cell temperature, the output current, voltage and power characteristics of PV model are simulated and optimized using the proposed model. This emphasized the dynamics behavior of PV system to be easily simulated, analyzed, and optimized. Keyword Mathematical model of photovoltaic cell; photovoltaic module; array; boost converter; mppt algorithm; pwm; single phase inverter; three phase inverter; MATLAB/simulink; gate pulse using 555 timer; voltage doubler circuit in hardware. 1. INTRODUCTION Now a day’s people are more concerned about the application of the renewable energy source, like wind, tidal, biomass, ocean and solar radiation (photovoltaic) because of the raising oil prices, fossil fuel deficit, global warming and negative impact of environment. Among all the renewable energy sources the energy through photovoltaic (PV) can be most effective because it’s the most essential, sustainable source. Photovoltaic system can directly converts sunlight to direct current means it converts the solar radiation (irradiance) to DC electricity without environment impact. In photovoltaic system the main two inputs are solar irradiation and temperature, which are available free of cost .Temperature and irradiance are variable in nature. Solar irradiations are more sustainable in nature and unique[4-5-6]. Its a pollution free system. We are seeing the demand of photovoltaic system; this is getting more important because of growing population condition in the worldwide. So the electricity demand will also increase as per the population ratio as it’s a 21 st century our need are more than our want,PV system, being semiconductor device, its statiand don’t have moving parts, so its operation and maintenance cost are little high among all the renewable energy resourceThough for current era the efficiency of the photovoltaic system is low, but there are many researched are going on(pipeline) to improve efficiency and reduces its cost and its size.The output characteristics of PV module depend upon the solar irradiation, cell temperature. Though PV module has nonlinear characteristics because PV module is a semiconductor device, so it necessary to design and simulation of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for application of PV system. As we know PV system produces DC output (voltage, current),its output we can use directly or can be stored in battery as it’s a DC source.PV system is of two types i.e. stand alone system or grid connected system. For the grid connected system the DC voltage obtained the PV panel will be connected to the converters i.e buck converter, boost converer,buck-boost converter,then the output of the converters connected to the inverter that can be single-phase inverter or three-phase inverter for the optimized results[7-8- 9].The main contribution of this paper is implementation of PV model in MATLAB/simulink, which is user-friendly. From the photocurrent equation, the mathematical model of PV cell, module, array can be designed in MATLAB/simulink in Section II.Threre are various methods are available in MPPT control like P&O algorithmic method, Fuzzy logic methods, Neural network method etc, among all P&O method is chosen because of its implementation is easy and gives effective results discussed in Section III. Modeling and implementation of boost converter and inverter are discussed in Section IV, Simulation results and experimental verification discussed in Section (V-VI), and finally briefly conclusions are future development are drawn in Section VII 2. PHOTOVOLTAIC MODEL Solar cell is basically a p-n junction semiconductor device which is fabricated in thin wafer. Sunlight is nothing, but it’s a form of electromagnetic radiation, According to Einstein law E=hν, the electromagnetic radiation of sunlight can be directly converted into direct electricity, through the effect of photovoltaic [10-11]. Irradiation is the rate of flow of solar intensity per unit area. When the PV system will be exposed to the sunlight, the generated photons contain energy which is greater than the band-gap energy (abt 0.5-0.7v) of the semiconductors are absorbed and some electron-hole pairs are created[1-2-3] i.e. proportional to the incident solar irradiation. Photovoltaic system is directly proportional to the solar spectrum/insolation.I_V and P_V characteristics of pv system is nonlinear, because of variation of solar irradiance intensity and temperature of cell. 2.1 Solar Cell it’s a p-n junction semiconductor device, 2.2 Solar module No. of cells can be connected in series and parallel to give raise solar module, 2.3 Solar array No. of solar modules connected in series and parallel to comprise the solar array according the demands. Fig.1 shows the equivalent circuit diagram of photovoltaic cell, to simulate the demanded array, the parameters of cell should be properly multiplied with the cells