Musculoskeletal Science and Practice 44 (2019) 102066 Available online 26 September 2019 2468-7812/© 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Original article Do sociodemographic features, pain sensitivity or pain catastrophizing relate to clinic-based adherence to physiotherapy in people suffering from chronic spinal pain? Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial D. Lenoir a, b, c, * , I. Coppieters a, b, c, d , W. Willaert a, b, c , J. Kregel a, b, c , L. Danneels b , B. Cagnie b , M. Meeus a, b, e , J. Nijs a, c, d , A. Malfiet a, b, c, d, f a Pain in Motion International Research Group, Belgium b Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Campus Heymans, Building B3, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium c Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy (KIMA), Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, Building F, 1090, Brussel, Belgium d Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussel, Belgium e Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy (MOVANT), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium f Research Foundation, Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium A R T I C L E INFO Keywords: Physical therapy modalities Treatment adherence Spine Chronic pain ABSTRACT Purpose: Examining whether socio-demographic variables, pain or functionality are related to the degree of clinic-based therapy adherence in patients suffering from nonspecifc chronic spinal pain (nCSP). Design: Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. Setting: University hospital of Ghent and Brussels. Methods: Dutch speakers, 18–65 years old, experiencing nCSP for at least 3 months. 120 participants were randomly allocated to two interventional groups, of which 94 completed all therapy sessions. Main outcome measures: Degree of clinic-based adherence, defned as the amount of completed therapy sessions. Results: Demographic data (sex, age or education) were not signifcantly associated with adherence in the total sample or the neuroscience group. For the traditional physiotherapy group, educational level was associated with attendance of at least 50% of the therapy sessions. Regarding pain-, belief- and function-related measures, only the association between change in kinesiophobia and adherence was signifcant for the traditional physiotherapy group. Conclusions: Factors related to therapy adherence in the total group or the neuroscience group could not be found. Educational level and change in kinesiophobia were however related to therapy adherence in the traditional physiotherapy group. 1. Introduction Spinal pain, more specifcally neck and low back pain together, is the fourth most common cause of disability globally, and consequently has a signifcant impact on the quality of life (Vos et al., 2017). A diagnostic triage of these patients has been recommended for primary care man- agement, for which 3 subdivisions have been made. Presence of a spe- cifc spinal pathology made up the frst category, occurrence of a radicular syndrome was labelled as the second category and in case the condition did not correspond to either one of the previously mentioned categories, it was labelled as non-specifc pain (Bardin et al., 2017). This last category is the most prevalent one of all 3. Nonspecifc chronic spinal pain (nCSP) is highly prevalent in the European population, with a point prevalence of 23%, and is associated with an important interaction with personal, social and socio-economic factors (Chronische lage rugpijn., 2006; Hoy et al., 2014; https://his. * Corresponding author. Universiteit Gent, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Gent, Belgium. E-mail address: dorine.lenoir@ugent.be (D. Lenoir). URL: http://www.paininmotion.be (D. Lenoir). Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Musculoskeletal Science and Practice journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/msksp https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msksp.2019.102066 Received 14 May 2019; Received in revised form 9 July 2019; Accepted 25 September 2019